發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-16 14:28

  本文選題：CH_4排放 + 水稻土��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：基于30年水稻土長(zhǎng)期施肥定位試驗(yàn),在保證原有定位試驗(yàn)正常開展的前提下,將部分化肥處理變更為有機(jī)肥處理(或反之),得到4種新處理：常量有機(jī)肥改為化肥(N-C),高量有機(jī)肥改為化肥(H-C),化肥改為常量有機(jī)肥(C-N),常量有機(jī)肥改為高量有機(jī)肥(N-H)及3種原有處理：化肥(CF),常量有機(jī)肥(NOM),高量有機(jī)肥(HOM),共7個(gè)施肥處理。自2012至2014年,通過連續(xù)觀測(cè)兩年水稻輪作周期內(nèi)不同處理CH4排放通量季節(jié)變化,探討不同有機(jī)碳水平水稻土上外源有機(jī)碳及土壤有機(jī)碳含量對(duì)田間CH4排放的影響。結(jié)果表明：施化肥處理全年CH4排放通量范圍在-0.18 mg·m-2·h-1～3.75 mg·m-2·h-1之間變化,施有機(jī)肥處理全年CH4排放通量范圍在-0.04mg·m-2·h-1～75.89mg·m-2·h-1之間變化。有機(jī)肥處理改施化肥后田間土壤CH4的排放量顯著降低,化肥處理改施有機(jī)肥或有機(jī)肥處理增施有機(jī)肥后田間土壤CH4的排放量顯著提高。外源有機(jī)碳的輸入量是決定田間CH4年排放量的決定性因素,外源有機(jī)碳輸入量(x)與水稻土CH4年累積排放量(y)之間滿足直線方程：y=0.1677x+2.746(R2=0.9642,n=21)。土壤有機(jī)碳同樣也是影響稻田CH4排放的因素,在不同有機(jī)碳水平的水稻土上施用等量相同化肥或有機(jī)肥,土壤有機(jī)碳含量高的水稻土都更有利于CH4的產(chǎn)生。單施化肥稻田土壤有機(jī)碳含量(x)和水稻土CH4年累積排放量(y)之間的指數(shù)方程：y=0.5154x-4.3454(R2=0.932,n=9)。有機(jī)肥可促進(jìn)土壤有機(jī)碳分解釋放CH4,土壤有機(jī)碳含量相同的條件下,高量有機(jī)肥比常量有機(jī)肥的土壤有機(jī)碳分解比率高1.52%,等量相同有機(jī)肥但土壤有機(jī)碳含量不同的條件下,土壤有機(jī)碳分解比率無顯著差異；同樣,土壤有機(jī)碳也可促進(jìn)有機(jī)物料碳分解釋放CH4,在常量有機(jī)肥或高量有機(jī)肥處理中,土壤有機(jī)碳含量高者比低者的有機(jī)物料碳分解比率分別多出3.29%和2.52%。
[Abstract]:Based on the long-term fertilization experiment of paddy soil for 30 years, under the premise of ensuring the original location test to be carried out normally, By changing part of chemical fertilizer treatment to organic fertilizer treatment (or vice versa), four new treatments were obtained: conversion of constant organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer N-Cn, heavy organic fertilizer to chemical fertilizer H-CX, chemical fertilizer to constant organic fertilizer to C-NN, and constant organic fertilizer to high quantity organic fertilizer. N-H) and three original treatments: CFN, NOMN, HOMN, 7 fertilization treatments. From 2012 to 2014, the effects of exogenous organic carbon and soil organic carbon content on Ch _ 4 emission from paddy soils with different organic carbon levels were investigated by observing the seasonal changes of Ch _ 4 emission fluxes from different treatments during two successive cropping cycles. The results showed that the flux range of CH4 emission varied from -0.18 mg m-2 h-1h -1 to -0.04 mg m-2 h-1~75.89mg m-2 h-1 in the whole year under chemical fertilizer application and from -0.04 mg m-2 h-1~75.89mg m-2 h-1 to -0.04 mg m-2 h-1~75.89mg m-2 h-1 in organic fertilizer treatment. The emission of Ch _ 4 from field soil decreased significantly after organic fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer treatment or organic fertilizer treatment increased the field soil Ch _ 4 emission. The input amount of exogenous organic carbon is the decisive factor to determine the annual emission of CH4 in the field. The linear equation between the input amount of exogenous organic carbon (x) and the annual cumulative discharge of CH4 in paddy soil is 1: y0. 1677x 2.746 R2 (0.9642). Soil organic carbon is also a factor affecting Ch _ 4 emission in paddy fields. Applying the same amount of chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer to paddy soil with different organic carbon levels, the paddy soil with high organic carbon content is more conducive to Ch _ 4 production. The exponential equation between the soil organic carbon content of paddy field and the annual accumulative discharge of Ch _ 4 in paddy soil is: y0. 0. 5154x-4. 3454N ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ 0. 932n ~ (2). Organic fertilizer can promote the decomposition and release of CH4 from soil organic carbon. Under the condition of the same content of soil organic carbon, the decomposition ratio of soil organic carbon of high organic fertilizer is 1.52% higher than that of constant organic fertilizer, and the same amount of organic fertilizer but different content of soil organic carbon. There is no significant difference in soil organic carbon decomposition ratio; similarly, soil organic carbon can also promote the release of CH4 from organic materials, which can be used in the treatment of constant organic fertilizer or high organic fertilizer. The decomposition ratio of organic materials with high soil organic carbon content was 3.29% and 2.52% higher than that of low organic materials, respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S154.1

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