本文選題：徑流 + 模型��； 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào)》2017年21期

【摘要】：密云區(qū)是北京重要的地表飲用水源地,準(zhǔn)確模擬地表徑流量,對(duì)于分析泥沙和污染物的運(yùn)移十分重要。近年來(lái),學(xué)者們運(yùn)用徑流曲線數(shù)(soil conservation service curve number,SCS-CN)模型計(jì)算本區(qū)地表徑流量,但預(yù)報(bào)精度不理想;未考慮降雨過(guò)程和雨強(qiáng)對(duì)于產(chǎn)流過(guò)程的影響,可能是造成預(yù)報(bào)誤差的重要原因。該文利用密云石匣小流域5個(gè)坡面徑流小區(qū)共201場(chǎng)降雨產(chǎn)流資料,提出次產(chǎn)流徑流曲線數(shù)計(jì)算方法,以改進(jìn)SCS-CN模型并分析改進(jìn)后模型模擬效果。結(jié)果表明,次產(chǎn)流徑流曲線數(shù)與多年平均徑流曲線數(shù)的比值和最大30 min降雨量與次雨量的比值之間呈顯著冪函數(shù)遞增關(guān)系,據(jù)此提出計(jì)算次產(chǎn)流徑流曲線數(shù)的冪函數(shù)方程,以改進(jìn)SCS-CN模型。當(dāng)曲線數(shù)為0.02時(shí),改進(jìn)后模型模擬效果最好,效率系數(shù)為0.693,明顯高于未改進(jìn)的SCS-CN模型。改進(jìn)后模型對(duì)裸地和耕地的產(chǎn)流模擬效果較好,但對(duì)林地的產(chǎn)流模擬效果不理想。今后需在深入分析產(chǎn)流機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步提出與土壤特性有關(guān)的模型參數(shù)優(yōu)化方法。
[Abstract]:Miyun area is an important source of surface drinking water in Beijing. It is very important to simulate the surface runoff accurately for analyzing the transport of sediment and pollutants. In recent years, the surface runoff in this area has been calculated by soil conservation service curve number-SCS-CNC model, but the prediction accuracy is not ideal, and the influence of rainfall process and rain intensity on runoff production process may be the important reason for the forecast error. Based on 201 rainfall runoff data from five slope runoff plots in Miyun Shixia small watershed, this paper presents a method to calculate the number of secondary runoff curves in order to improve the SCS-CN model and analyze the simulation effect of the improved model. The results show that the ratio of the number of secondary runoff curves to the number of annual average runoff curves and the ratio of maximum rainfall of 30 min to the ratio of secondary rainfall are significantly increased by power function. Based on this, the power function equation for calculating the number of secondary runoff curves is proposed. To improve the SCS-CN model. When the curve number is 0.02, the simulation effect of the improved model is the best and the efficiency coefficient is 0.693, which is obviously higher than that of the unimproved SCS-CN model. The improved model can simulate the runoff yield of bare land and cultivated land better than that of forestland. On the basis of deeply analyzing the mechanism of runoff production, the optimization method of model parameters related to soil characteristics should be put forward in the future.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院;北京市密云區(qū)水土保持工作站;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41401560)
【分類號(hào)】：S157
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本文編號(hào)：2025601