本文選題：濱海濕地 + 土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)　； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文以膠州灣濱海濕地為研究對象,選取蘆葦、堿蓬、光灘及大米草4種典型的濱海濕地,分季節(jié)、分層次采集土壤樣品,測定土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)(SOM)含量,分析SOM的時(shí)空分布;同時(shí)測定土壤溶解性有機(jī)質(zhì)(DOM)含量,分析DOM三維熒光光譜特征,探究DOM的結(jié)構(gòu)特征及來源情況,以期了解有機(jī)質(zhì)在膠州灣濱海濕地土壤中的分布、組分來源及遷移轉(zhuǎn)化等,為進(jìn)一步揭示有機(jī)質(zhì)在膠州灣濕地的環(huán)境行為提供基礎(chǔ)資料。主要的研究結(jié)論如下:(1)膠州灣濱海濕地SOM的時(shí)空分布特征。垂直方向上,除光灘濕地沿剖面呈先減小后稍有上升的趨勢外,其他濕地均隨土壤深度的增加而減小;水平方向上,濕地SOM含量表現(xiàn)為大米草濕地光灘濕地堿蓬濕地蘆葦濕地;季節(jié)上,濕地SOM含量表現(xiàn)為春季夏季秋季冬季。水文、植被、人類活動(dòng)等是影響SOM空間分布的重要因素。SOM含量與土壤含鹽量、含水率、TN及C/N呈正相關(guān),與土壤容重、pH值呈負(fù)相關(guān)。土壤中各環(huán)境因子之間相互影響,并共同對濕地SOM的累積產(chǎn)生影響。(2)膠州灣濱海濕地SOM的儲量特征。不同類型濕地土壤剖面有機(jī)質(zhì)密度表現(xiàn)為光灘濕地蘆葦濕地堿蓬濕地。濕地類型對SOM含量和有機(jī)質(zhì)密度分布的影響存在一定差異,主要與不同類型濕地土壤容重、地形地貌、溫度、水文環(huán)境有關(guān)。因儲碳層厚度及儲碳層內(nèi)有機(jī)質(zhì)密度的差異,光灘濕地單位面積有機(jī)質(zhì)儲量明顯高于堿蓬和蘆葦濕地,具有較大的儲碳潛能,對研究區(qū)濱海濕地起到一定的碳匯作用。(3)膠州灣濱海濕地土壤DOM的空間分布特征。垂直剖面上,膠州灣4種濕地類型DOM含量隨土層深度增加均呈減少的趨勢。水平方向上,表現(xiàn)為大米草濕地光灘堿蓬濕地蘆葦濕地,說明大米草濕地SOM庫不穩(wěn)定,不利于有機(jī)質(zhì)的累積。(4)膠州灣濱海濕地土壤DOM的熒光特性。膠州灣濕地土壤DOM的三維熒光光譜(3DEEMs)中出現(xiàn)了B、T、A、D和C5種熒光峰,分別代表類酪氨酸、類色氨酸、類富里酸、類可溶性微生物副產(chǎn)物和類腐殖酸5種組分。利用熒光區(qū)域積分(FRI)法對5種組分進(jìn)行定量分析表明,類色氨酸、類富里酸和類酪氨酸在DOM各組分含量中居前三位,類可溶性微生物副產(chǎn)物和類腐殖酸的含量次之,二者含量差異不顯著。DOM五大組分相互之間均呈顯著正相關(guān),與DOC含量呈顯著正相關(guān),與總磷、有效磷、總氮有不同程度的相關(guān)性。膠州灣4種濕地類型土壤DOM主要由生物相互作用的內(nèi)源產(chǎn)生,且腐殖化程度較低。
[Abstract]:In this paper, four typical coastal wetlands, Reed, Suaeda salsa, Guang Tan and Rice Grass, were selected as the research object. Soil samples were collected in different seasons, the content of soil organic matter (SOM) was measured, and the spatial and temporal distribution of SOM was analyzed. At the same time, the content of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil was determined, and the three dimensional fluorescence spectrum of Dom was analyzed, and the structure and source of Dom were explored, in order to understand the distribution, component source, migration and transformation of organic matter in the coastal wetland soil of Jiaozhou Bay, etc. It provides basic data for revealing the environmental behavior of organic matter in Jiaozhou Bay wetland. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) temporal and spatial distribution of SOM in coastal wetland of Jiaozhou Bay. In the vertical direction, except for the trend of first decreasing and then slightly increasing along the section, the other wetlands all decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the content of SOM wetland in horizontal direction was the Reed wetland of Suaeda marsh in Guangtan wetland of rice grass wetland. In season, SOM content in wetland is spring, summer, autumn and winter. Hydrology, vegetation and human activities are important factors affecting SOM spatial distribution. SOM content is positively correlated with soil salinity, water content, TN and C / N, and negatively correlated with soil bulk density and pH value. The soil environmental factors affect each other and affect the accumulation of SOM in wetland. 2) the reserve characteristics of SOM in coastal wetland of Jiaozhou Bay. The density of organic matter in soil profile of different types of wetland is that of Suaeda salsa wetland in Guangtan wetland. The effects of wetland types on SOM content and organic matter density distribution were different, which were mainly related to soil bulk density, topography, temperature and hydrological environment of different types of wetlands. Because of the difference of the thickness of carbon storage layer and the density of organic matter in carbon storage layer, the storage of organic matter per unit area of Guangtan wetland is obviously higher than that of Suaeda salsa and Reed wetland. The spatial distribution of Dom in the coastal wetland soil of Jiaozhou Bay was studied. In the vertical section, the Dom content of the four wetland types in Jiaozhou Bay decreased with the increase of soil depth. In the horizontal direction, it is shown that the Reed wetland in the Guangtan wetland of rice grass wetland, indicating that SOM pool of rice grass wetland is unstable, is not conducive to the accumulation of organic matter. 4) the fluorescence characteristics of Dom in coastal wetland soil of Jiaozhou Bay are not conducive to the accumulation of organic matter. Three dimensional fluorescence spectra of Dom in Jiaozhou Bay wetland soil (3DEEMs) showed five kinds of fluorescence peaks, such as tyrosine, tryptophan, fulvic acid, soluble microbial by-products and humic acid, respectively. The quantitative analysis of five components by fluorescence region integration (FRI) method showed that tryptophan, fulvic acid and tyrosine were the top three components in Dom, followed by soluble microbial by-products and humic acid. There was significant positive correlation between the five components of Dom, DOC, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and total nitrogen. The Dom of the four wetland types in Jiaozhou Bay is mainly produced by the internal source of biological interaction, and the humification degree is relatively low.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S153.6

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