發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-12 12:45

  本文選題：引黃灌區(qū) + 灌淤土��； 參考：《土壤學(xué)報(bào)》2017年05期

【摘要】：為了解寧夏引黃灌區(qū)灌淤土的成土特點(diǎn)和系統(tǒng)分類歸屬,在研究區(qū)內(nèi)挖掘5個(gè)典型土壤剖面,經(jīng)過剖面形態(tài)觀測和分層取樣分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)灌淤土主要的成土過程是人為耕作引起的土壤熟化過程、灌溉水和地下水共同作用引起的氧化還原過程以及灌溉水泥沙沉降引起的地表物理堆墊過程,有些地方還有鹽漬化過程。依據(jù)《中國土壤系統(tǒng)分類檢索(第三版)》進(jìn)行檢索、鑒定,發(fā)現(xiàn)5個(gè)典型剖面的診斷依據(jù)有灌淤表層、肥熟表層、雛形層等診斷層和冷性土壤溫度狀況、石灰性和氧化還原特征等診斷特性以及鈣積現(xiàn)象,5個(gè)典型剖面分別屬于人為土土綱,旱耕人為土亞綱,灌淤旱耕人為土和肥熟旱耕人為土2個(gè)土類,斑紋灌淤旱耕人為土、灌淤肥熟旱耕人為土和普通灌淤旱耕人為土3個(gè)亞類。依據(jù)《中國土壤系統(tǒng)分類土族與土系劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》將5個(gè)剖面按照控制層段土壤顆粒大小、礦物學(xué)類型的不同,初步建立5個(gè)土族和5個(gè)土系。將典型剖面在不同分類系統(tǒng)中的位置進(jìn)行參比研究,表明發(fā)生分類與系統(tǒng)分類雖然并非簡單一對一的關(guān)系,但卻具有優(yōu)勢的對應(yīng)關(guān)系;5個(gè)典型剖面在發(fā)生分類中歸屬為灌淤土土類,在中國土壤系統(tǒng)分類歸屬中為灌淤旱耕人為土和肥熟旱耕人為土2個(gè)土類,在美國土壤系統(tǒng)分類中歸屬為Inceptisols土綱,Ustepts亞綱和Haplustepts土類;相比之下,發(fā)生分類和美國土壤系統(tǒng)分類較為穩(wěn)定,定量化的中國土壤系統(tǒng)分類分異性較大,使分類更加全面、細(xì)化。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the soil forming characteristics and systematic classification of irrigated and silt soil in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area, five typical soil sections were excavated in the study area. It is found that the main process of soil formation in irrigated and silt soil is the process of soil maturation caused by artificial tillage, the process of redox caused by the interaction of irrigation water and groundwater, and the process of surface physical piling caused by sediment deposition of irrigation water. In some places there is salinization. According to the Chinese soil system Classification Retrieval (third Edition), it was found that the diagnostic basis of five typical sections were the surface layer of irrigated silt, the matured surface layer, the embryonic layer, and the condition of cold soil temperature. The characteristics of calcareousness, redox and calcium accumulation were analyzed. The five typical sections belong to artificial soil class, dry tillage subclass, irrigated silt dry soil and fertilized dry tillage artificial soil, and porphyry irrigated silt dry soil. There are three subgroups of irrigated silt fertilizer mature dry soil and common irrigated silt soil. According to the criteria for the classification of Tu and soil series in Chinese soil system, five sections were preliminarily established according to the different soil particle size and mineralogical types in the control layer. By comparing the position of typical sections in different classification systems, it is shown that the relationship between occurrence classification and systematic classification is not simple one-to-one. However, the five typical sections were classified as irrigated and silt soil in occurrence classification, and in Chinese soil system classification, they were irrigated and silt dry cultivated artificial soil and fertilized mature dry tillage artificial soil, respectively, and the five typical sections were classified as irrigated silt soil and fertilized mature dry tillage soil. Inceptisols Ustepts subclass and Haplustepts soil are classified in the American soil system classification, compared with the American soil system classification, the occurrence classification and the American soil system classification are more stable, and the quantitative Chinese soil system classification has greater heterogeneity, which makes the classification more comprehensive and detailed.
【作者單位】： 中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)劃研究所;
【基金】：國家科技基礎(chǔ)性工作專項(xiàng)(2014FY110200A07)資助~~
【分類號】：S155.3

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本文編號：2009716