本文選題：土壤 + 侵蝕　； 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學報》2017年24期

【摘要】：該文基于北京市房山區(qū)蒲洼徑流小區(qū)2013-2015年觀測的105場自然降雨,采用實測水文數(shù)據(jù)與WEPP模型模擬降雨侵蝕過程相結(jié)合的方法,對比了北方土石山區(qū)不同雨型下的坡面土壤侵蝕差異。結(jié)果表明:1)自然降雨中,單場降雨的侵蝕能力表現(xiàn)為B型雨(低頻率、短歷時、中雨量、大雨強)A型雨(中頻率、長歷時、大雨量、中雨強)C型雨(高頻率、中歷時、小雨量、小雨強),其中,侵蝕性降雨中A型雨降雨頻率最高、對研究區(qū)土壤侵蝕的累計貢獻率最大;而C型雨幾乎不會引發(fā)土壤侵蝕。2)誘發(fā)北方土石山區(qū)棕壤坡面土壤侵蝕的臨界雨量為8 mm、臨界雨強為9.5 mm/h。3)利用WEPP模型通過設置最大30 min雨強I30出現(xiàn)的不同時間將3類雨型進一步劃分為4個子雨型,結(jié)果表明同一雨強出現(xiàn)的降雨時序差異會影響土壤侵蝕的發(fā)生程度,且子雨型下土壤侵蝕量整體表現(xiàn)為遞增型峰值型遞減型均值型,其中A型雨4個子雨型下侵蝕量差異最顯著。研究結(jié)果可為北方土石山區(qū)棕壤坡面土壤侵蝕預報模型的建立及土壤侵蝕防治提供參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Based on 105 natural rainfall observed in Puwa runoff area of Fangshan District in Beijing from 2013 to 2015, the method of combining measured hydrological data with WEPP model to simulate rainfall erosion process is used in this paper. The difference of soil erosion on slope under different rainfall patterns in the northern earth-rock mountain area was compared. The results show that the erosive capacity of single rainfall is B type rain (low frequency, short duration, moderate rainfall, heavy rain intensity A type rain (medium frequency, long duration, heavy rainfall, moderate rain intensity, low frequency, medium duration, small rainfall), in natural rainfall), the erosive ability of single rainfall is B type rain (low frequency, short duration, moderate rainfall, heavy rain) (medium frequency, long duration, heavy rainfall, moderate rain, moderate duration, small rainfall). The frequency of A type rain is the highest in the erosive rainfall, and the cumulative contribution rate to soil erosion is the largest in the study area. The critical rainfall of 8mm and the critical rain intensity of 9.5 mm / h. 3) by setting up the maximum 30 min rain intensity I 30, the critical rainfall of brown soil slope in northern China is 8 mm and 9.5 mm 路h. 3) by setting up the maximum 30 min rain intensity I 30 at different times. The three types of rain are further divided into 4 sub-rain types, The results showed that the rainfall time series difference of the same rainfall intensity would affect the occurrence degree of soil erosion, and the soil erosion amount under the subrain type showed the increasing peak value decline type mean value as a whole. There was the most significant difference in the amount of erosion under the four sub-rain patterns of A type rain. The results can be used as a reference for the establishment of soil erosion prediction model and soil erosion prevention and control on brown soil slope in northern China.
【作者單位】： 北京林業(yè)大學水土保持學院重慶縉云山三峽庫區(qū)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)國家定位觀測研究站;北京市水土保持工程技術(shù)研究中心;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金資助(2015ZCQ-SB-01)
【分類號】：S157.1

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本文編號：2005856