本文選題：土壤酶活性 + 土壤微生物��； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：土壤作為陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組分之一,其內(nèi)部生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的變化可以在一定程度上反映其地上植被之間的差異。本文以位于廣西憑祥市的中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院熱帶林業(yè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中心伏波試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)馬尾松、紅椎、米老排和火力楠4種南亞熱帶典型鄉(xiāng)土人工純林以及外來速生桉樹人工純林為研究對(duì)象,探討不同林分類型不同土層(0-20、20-40和0-60 cm)的土壤酶活性、微生物量碳氮和功能多樣性的差異,并探究土壤理化性質(zhì)和土壤微生物量對(duì)土壤酶活性的影響;同時(shí)比較分析各林分類型土壤表層(0-20 cm)微生物遺傳多樣性的差異。研究結(jié)果對(duì)南亞熱帶紅壤丘陵地區(qū)植被恢復(fù)重建的樹種選擇以及人工林多目標(biāo)經(jīng)營(yíng)有著重要意義。研究主要結(jié)論如下:(1)不同土層的馬尾松、紅椎、米老排和火力楠人工林的土壤酶活性(脲酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和纖維素酶)和微生物量碳氮含量均有大于桉樹人工林的趨勢(shì),且隨著土層深度的增加而顯著下降(P0.05)。(2)全碳含量與脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(P0.05);pH與酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(P0.05);速效磷含量與脲酶活性存在一定的相關(guān)性(P0.05);微生物量碳氮均與蔗糖酶呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(P0.05)。(3)研究林分土壤微生物碳源利用率最高的時(shí)間為108 h。各林分土壤微生物對(duì)碳源的利用能力受時(shí)間因素的影響顯著,并隨土層深度的增加而下降。(4)不同土層的馬尾松、紅椎、米老排和火力楠人工林土壤微生物Shannon功能多樣性指數(shù)和Simpson功能多樣性指數(shù)差別各異,但均高于桉樹林。糖類、氨基酸類、多聚物類、羧酸類和芳香類碳源是引起不同林分之間土壤微生物功能多樣性差異的敏感碳源。(5)4種鄉(xiāng)土人工林土壤表層(0-20 cm)的Shannon遺傳多樣性指數(shù)、Simpson遺傳多樣性指數(shù)、豐富度指數(shù)和均勻度差異不顯著(P0.05),但在數(shù)值上均高于桉樹林。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important components of terrestrial ecosystem, the change of structure and function of soil ecosystem can reflect the difference of vegetation on the ground to some extent. In this paper, Pinus massoniana, Red vertebra, was used in the Volt-Wave Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry experiment Center, China Academy of Forestry Sciences, Pingxiang City, Guangxi, China. The soil enzyme activities of four typical subtropical native pure forests and exotic fast growing eucalyptus artificial pure forests were studied in different stand types and different soil layers (20-40 and 0-60 cm). The differences of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and functional diversity, and the effects of soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial biomass on soil enzyme activity, and the genetic diversity of soil surface layer (0-20 cm) were compared and analyzed. The results of the study are of great significance to the selection of tree species for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the subtropical red soil hilly region and the multi-objective management of the plantation. The main results are as follows: (1) soil enzyme activities (urease, protease, acid phosphatase) of Pinus massoniana, Red vertebra, Rhizoma Rhizome and Fructus firewood plantations in different soil layers. Both sucrase and cellulase) and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content were higher than those in eucalyptus plantation, and the total carbon content and urease content decreased significantly with the increase of soil depth. There was a significant positive correlation between acid phosphatase and sucrase activity, there was a significant positive correlation between pH and acid phosphatase and sucrase activity, there was a certain correlation between available phosphorus content and urease activity, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen were correlated with sucrose. The time of soil microbial carbon use efficiency was 108 h. The ability of soil microbes to use carbon was significantly affected by time factors, and decreased with the increase of soil depth. 4) Pinus massoniana and red vertebrae in different soil layers. The Shannon function diversity index and Simpson function diversity index of soil microorganism were different, but they were higher than those of eucalyptus forest. Carbohydrates, Amino acids, Polymers, Carboxylic acids and aromatic carbon sources are sensitive carbon sources for the difference of soil microbial functional diversity among different stands. The Shannon genetic diversity index (Shannon genetic diversity index) is Simpson. The difference of richness index and evenness was not significant (P 0.05), but higher than that of eucalyptus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3

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