本文選題：直插式根灌 + 土壤水分�。� 參考：《干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：在塔里木河下游棗樹(shù)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)林進(jìn)行根灌試驗(yàn),研究了直插式根灌條件下的土壤水分時(shí)空分布和節(jié)水效率。結(jié)果表明:(1)灌水過(guò)程中直插式根灌的土壤水分分布在0~100 cm土壤層,隨灌溉時(shí)間增加,土壤含水量,0~20 cm土層呈波動(dòng)變化,80~100 cm土層基本穩(wěn)定,其余各土層呈S型增加;(2)不同時(shí)期1 m深土層平均土壤體積含水量最大值及達(dá)到最大值的時(shí)間,棗樹(shù)生長(zhǎng)初期為44.62%、7.5 h,花期為43.26%、12.5 h,幼果期為46.3%、15 h;(3)根灌過(guò)程中,各土層土壤含水量變異系數(shù)大小次序?yàn)?0 cm20 cm40 cm60 cm100 cm;灌后土壤平均含水量,80、100 cm土層與其余各層之間差異顯著,20、40、60 cm土層之間差異不顯著,80 cm土層土壤含水量空間異質(zhì)性最高;(4)三次試驗(yàn)后20 d內(nèi),0~100 cm土層的平均土壤體積含水量消退速率分別為0.21%·d~(-1)、0.19%·d~(-1)和0.17%·d~(-1),土壤體積含水量60 cm和100 cm土層消退速率穩(wěn)定,40 cm土層呈先消退后增加的趨勢(shì),20 cm土層0~10 d迅速消退,80 cm土層11~20 d迅速消退;(5)直插式根灌的節(jié)水效率比地表滴灌高27.78%,水分利用效率分別比地表滴灌和漫灌高8.12%、52.46%。
[Abstract]:The experiment of root irrigation was carried out in the ecological economic forest of jujube trees in the lower reaches of Tarim River. The spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture and the efficiency of water saving were studied under the condition of direct root irrigation. The results showed that the soil moisture distribution in 0 ~ 100 cm soil layer was increased with the increase of irrigation time, and the soil moisture content of 0 ~ 0 ~ (20) cm soil layer was stable in the soil layer of 80 ~ 100 cm in the process of irrigation. The time of maximum and maximum soil volume water content in 1 m deep soil layer in different periods was 44.62 ~ 7.5 h, 43.26 ~ 12.5 h in flowering period, 46.3% in young fruit stage, 44.62 ~ 7.5 h in jujube tree growth stage, 46.3% ~ 15 h ~ (-1) in young fruit stage. The order of variation coefficient of soil water content in each soil layer is 80 cm20 cm40 cm60 cm100 cm, and the difference between the average soil moisture content of 80 cm soil layer after irrigation and the other layers is significant. There is no significant difference between the soil moisture content of 80 cm soil layer and that of the other layers, and the spatial variation of soil moisture content in 80 cm soil layer is not significant. The regression rate of average soil volume water content in the soil layer of 100 cm is 0.21% dlg ~ (-1) and 0.19% DU ~ (-1), respectively, and 0.17% D ~ (1) C ~ (-1). The regression rate of soil volume water content of 60cm and 100cm soil layer is stable and the soil depth of 40cm soil layer increases after the first regression, and the regression rate of soil volume water content is stable in the soil layer of 60cm and 100cm, respectively, and the regression rate of soil volume water content is 0.21%. The water saving efficiency of vertical root irrigation was 27.78 higher than that of surface drip irrigation, and the water use efficiency was 8.12% and 52.46% higher than that of surface drip irrigation and diffuse irrigation, respectively.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)科學(xué)院寒區(qū)旱區(qū)環(huán)境與工程研究所;中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);寧夏中衛(wèi)沙坡頭國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)管理局;甘肅省治沙研究所;
【基金】：寧夏回族自治區(qū)環(huán)保廳寧夏環(huán)保生態(tài)示范基地根灌節(jié)水技術(shù)研究與示范項(xiàng)目(Y490L61001) 甘肅省科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(1304JKCA170)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S152.7;S275

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本文編號(hào)：1988879