本文選題：固結(jié)促生 + W-OH-SF固化劑��； 參考：《安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國水土流失嚴(yán)重,非�？粗貙ι鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)脆弱地區(qū)的治理和恢復(fù),研究水土流失原因,采用有效的治理防治措施迫在眉睫。黃河水利科學(xué)研究院牽頭申請“十二五”科技支撐項目“黃河中游砒砂巖區(qū)抗蝕促生技術(shù)集成與示范”,該項目旨在對黃土高原砒砂巖區(qū)的治理展開研究,也是對多項規(guī)劃的科技任務(wù)、國家重點工程建設(shè)等有關(guān)任務(wù)的具體實現(xiàn)。砒砂巖地區(qū)植被稀少,降水集中多以暴雨形式出現(xiàn),土壤中粗粒含量多粘粒缺乏,顆粒間膠結(jié)程度差,結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度低的特點。砒砂巖遇水泥化在雨水作用下容易沖刷造成該地區(qū)水土流失嚴(yán)重也成為黃河中下游泥沙淤積的主要來源,又該地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,氣候干旱,春冬季風(fēng)力頻繁且強(qiáng)勁,全年平均風(fēng)速較大也是我國大風(fēng)沙暴的源頭之一。沒有水時砒砂巖硬的像石頭,遇水時變的像爛泥,遇風(fēng)則風(fēng)化剝蝕,在凍融作用下溝坡溝谷積累了較厚的松散巖層。如何應(yīng)用新的技術(shù)手段來改善砒砂巖特性和地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境,有效防止水土流失,仍然是目前需要解決的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本課題是黃河水利科學(xué)研究院《黃河中游砒砂巖區(qū)抗蝕促生技術(shù)集成與示范》課題的專題之一,本文以建立固結(jié)促生一體化立體配置模式示范區(qū)為依托對準(zhǔn)格爾旗地區(qū)二老虎溝流域的砒砂巖治理實施方案及施工關(guān)鍵技術(shù)展開研究,系統(tǒng)研究了砒砂巖地區(qū)水土流失一系列問題,初步確立了相對完整的砒砂巖邊坡治理方案,為有效減少砒砂巖的水土流失和改善該地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境提供理論依據(jù),攻克同類地區(qū)實施方案的技術(shù)難題,使該技術(shù)成為今后治理砒砂巖地區(qū)的有效措施。通過大量室內(nèi)室外試驗研究并取得較好的試驗效果,大規(guī)模實施可實現(xiàn)有效的減少砒砂巖區(qū)的水土流失和生態(tài)環(huán)境的改善,為砒砂巖區(qū)的綜合治理提供重要的技術(shù)支撐和科學(xué)依據(jù)。經(jīng)試驗和理論研究確立了抗蝕促生生物—材料措施立體配置模式,并設(shè)計了基于W-OH-SF的砒砂巖地區(qū)自然邊坡護(hù)坡工法。自然邊坡生態(tài)護(hù)坡工法設(shè)計:按坡度的陡緩程度、地質(zhì)及生態(tài)恢復(fù)的功能需要,對其護(hù)坡結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計,自上而下分為4個區(qū),即坡頂區(qū)、陡坡區(qū)、中等坡度區(qū)、坡腳緩坡區(qū)及谷底區(qū),對各個分區(qū)用不同的措施治理;對工法的實施制定了相應(yīng)的施工組織設(shè)計,對工法實施過程中質(zhì)量控制,安全措施,環(huán)保措施做了明確的要求,通過示范區(qū)的試驗,對其試驗效果和數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行記錄分析得出本設(shè)計方案對治理砒砂巖地區(qū)水土流失具有顯著的效果。
[Abstract]:The soil and water loss is serious in our country, so it is urgent to take effective measures to control and restore the fragile areas of ecosystem, to study the causes of soil and water loss and to adopt effective measures to control and control the soil and water loss. The Yellow River Water Conservancy Science Research Institute has led the application for the 12th Five-Year Plan Science and Technology support Project, "Integration and demonstration of Anti-corrosion and Propagation techniques for the Pisha Sandstone area in the Middle Yellow River," which aims to carry out a study on the treatment of the Pisha Sandstone area on the Loess Plateau. It is also the realization of many planned scientific and technological tasks, national key projects and other related tasks. The vegetation is rare in the soft rock area, the precipitation is concentrated in the form of rainstorm, the coarse grain content in the soil is lack of many clay grains, the cementation degree between the grains is poor, and the structure intensity is low. It is easy to scour the soft sandstone under the action of Rain Water, which also becomes the main source of sediment deposition in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the ecological environment is fragile, the climate is dry, and the wind is frequent and strong in spring and winter. The annual average wind speed is also one of the sources of gale sandstorms in China. When there is no water, the soft rock is hard like stone, when the water is time-varying, it looks like mud, when the wind is weathered and denuded, it accumulates thick loose rock layers in the gully slope and valley under the action of freeze-thaw. How to use new technical means to improve the characteristics and ecological environment of arsenopyst and effectively prevent soil erosion is still the key technology to be solved at present. This topic is one of the special topics of the Yellow River Research Institute of Water Conservancy, "Integration and demonstration of anti-corrosion and promoting growth techniques in the middle reaches of the Yellow River". In this paper, based on the establishment of a demonstration area for the integration of consolidation and growth promotion, the implementation scheme and key construction technology of the arsenic sandstone treatment in Erhuogou watershed of Zhungeer Banner area are studied. In this paper, a series of problems of soil and water loss in arsenopyst area are systematically studied, and a relatively complete treatment scheme of arsenitic sandstone slope is preliminarily established, which provides a theoretical basis for effectively reducing soil erosion and improving ecological environment in this area. In order to solve the technical problems in the similar areas, this technology will become an effective measure to control the soft rock area in the future. Through a large number of indoor and outdoor experiments and good experimental results, large-scale implementation can effectively reduce soil and water loss and improve ecological environment in arsenopyst area. It provides important technical support and scientific basis for comprehensive management of arsenite area. Based on the experimental and theoretical study, the three-dimensional configuration model of biological-material measures for anti-corrosion promotion was established, and the slope protection method of natural slope in arsenopyst area based on W-OH-SF was designed. Natural slope ecological slope protection method design: according to the steep degree of slope, geological and ecological restoration function needs, the slope protection structure is designed, from top to bottom is divided into four areas, that is, slope top area, steep slope area, middle slope area, In the gentle slope area at the foot of the slope and in the valley bottom area, different measures are used to control each sub-district; the corresponding construction organization design is formulated for the implementation of the construction method; the quality control, safety measures and environmental protection measures during the implementation of the construction method are clearly required. Through the test in the demonstration area, the test effect and data are recorded and analyzed. It is concluded that the design scheme has remarkable effect on controlling soil and water loss in the soft rock area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S157

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本文編號：1983339