本文選題：生物炭 + 設(shè)施土壤��； 參考：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：設(shè)施栽培是指在人工控制條件下,充分利用光、溫、水、土等資源的高效栽培方式。因?yàn)樵O(shè)施本身具有高溫、高濕、半封閉的條件,所以土壤質(zhì)量容易出現(xiàn)退化問(wèn)題。目前己有大量研究表明,施用生物炭能夠改善大田作物土壤理化性質(zhì),提高作物產(chǎn)量,而對(duì)設(shè)施土壤養(yǎng)分及作物生長(zhǎng)的研究較少。因此,本研究采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)置3個(gè)處理,每個(gè)處理3次重復(fù)。分別為對(duì)照(CK):不施生物炭;低炭量處理(T1):30t·hm-2;高炭量處理(T2):90t·hm-2。以期闡明生物炭對(duì)設(shè)施土壤養(yǎng)分含量的影響,初步探究施用生物炭后作物各器官對(duì)氮、淲、鉀積累量和作物產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)的影響情況,為生物炭在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用提供新的思路。本研究主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)第一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季后,與對(duì)照相比,施炭處理土壤全氮含量顯著提高9.7%-28.5%,土壤全磷含量基本沒(méi)有提高,土壤全鉀含量提高0.7%-1.9%。第二個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季后,與對(duì)照相比,施炭處理土壤全氮含量顯著提高16.2%-31.6%,土壤全磷含量提高9.5%-14.3%,土壤全鉀含量提高1.3%-4.7%。施用生物炭對(duì)土壤全氮含量影響最為顯著,對(duì)土壤全磷含量影響次之,對(duì)土壤全鉀含量最小。(2)施用生物炭能夠提高土壤速效養(yǎng)分含量。即與對(duì)照相比,施炭處理土壤堿解氮含量、有效磷含量、速效鉀含量均有所提高,且隨著施炭量增加,土壤速效養(yǎng)分含量也不斷增加。此外,第一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季后,各處理間土壤速效養(yǎng)分含量差異均未達(dá)到顯著差異,但在第二個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季后,與對(duì)照相比,高炭量處理土壤有效磷含量、速效鉀含量均顯著提高。說(shuō)明高施炭量對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分具有持續(xù)、緩釋效果。(3)櫻桃番茄植株各部位全氮積累量表現(xiàn)為:在綠熟期,櫻桃番茄各部位全氮積累量表現(xiàn)為葉莖果根.,在破色期,櫻桃番茄各部位全氮積累量表現(xiàn)為葉果莖根;從轉(zhuǎn)色期至紅熟期,櫻桃番茄各部位全氮積累量均表現(xiàn)為果葉莖根。櫻桃番茄植株各部位全磷積累量表現(xiàn)為:在綠熟期,櫻桃番茄各部位全磷積累量表現(xiàn)為葉莖果根;自破色期后,櫻桃番茄各部位全磷積累量大體上可表現(xiàn)為果葉莖根。櫻桃番茄植株各部位全鉀積累量表現(xiàn)為..在綠熟期時(shí),櫻桃番茄各部位全鉀積累量表現(xiàn)為葉果莖根;自破色期后,櫻桃番茄各部位全鉀積累量大體上可表現(xiàn)為果葉儢根。施用生物炭對(duì)櫻桃番茄植株各器官中的全氮積累量、全磷積累量、全鉀積累量均有不同程度的提高。對(duì)于果實(shí)來(lái)說(shuō),各處理全氮積累量大體上表現(xiàn)為低炭量處理對(duì)照＞高炭量處理;全磷積累量大體上表現(xiàn)為低炭量處理對(duì)照高炭量處理;全鉀積累量大體上表現(xiàn)為低炭量處理對(duì)照高炭量處理。說(shuō)明低炭量處理有利于櫻桃番茄果實(shí)對(duì)氮元素和磷元素的積累,而高炭量處理有利于櫻桃番茄果實(shí)對(duì)鉀元素的積累。(4)與對(duì)照相比,施用生物炭能夠顯著提高櫻桃番茄果實(shí)中維生素C含量、可溶性糖含量,且隨著施炭量的增加,維生素C含量、可溶性糖含量也在不斷增加。但對(duì)果實(shí)中可溶性蛋白含量、有機(jī)酸量和糖酸比影響均不顯著。(5)施用生物炭能夠顯著提高櫻桃番茄果實(shí)產(chǎn)量,且低炭量處理優(yōu)于高炭量處理。值得注意的一點(diǎn)是,與對(duì)照相比,低炭量處理顯著增加了櫻桃番茄果實(shí)個(gè)數(shù),而對(duì)單果質(zhì)量影響不顯著,從而使產(chǎn)量顯著提高。此外,在第一個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季,高炭量處理產(chǎn)量與對(duì)照間差異并不顯著,但在第二個(gè)生長(zhǎng)季,高炭處理產(chǎn)量高于對(duì)照20.1%,且差異達(dá)到顯著水平。
[Abstract]:Facility cultivation refers to the efficient cultivation methods of light, temperature, water and soil under artificial control. Because the facility itself has high temperature, high humidity and semi closed condition, the soil quality is easily degraded. At present, a large number of studies have shown that the application of biological carbon can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil in the field crops and improve the work. In this study, 3 treatments were set up in this study, and 3 treatments were set up in this study, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. The control (CK): no biological carbon; low carbon amount treatment (T1): 30t. Hm-2; high carbon content treatment (T2): 90t hm-2. to clarify the effect of biological carbon on the nutrient content of the soil. In this study, the following conclusions were obtained: (1) after the first growing season, the total nitrogen content in soil treated with carbon treatment was significantly increased by 9.7%-28.5%, and the soil total nitrogen content was significantly increased after the first growing season. The total P content was not improved, and the total K content of soil increased by 0.7%-1.9%. second growing seasons. Compared with the control, the total nitrogen content in soil was significantly increased by 16.2%-31.6%, the total phosphorus content in soil increased by 9.5%-14.3%, and the total K content in soil increased by 1.3%-4.7%., and the total N content of soil was the most significant. The total potassium content was the smallest in the soil. (2) the application of biological carbon could increase the content of soil available nutrients. That is, compared with the control, the content of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen, the available phosphorus content and the available potassium content were improved, and the content of available soil increased with the increase of carbon application. In addition, the first growing season, the various places. There was no significant difference in soil available nutrient content, but after second growing seasons, compared with the control, the content of available P in soil and the content of available K increased significantly. (3) the total nitrogen accumulation in different parts of cherry tomato plants was shown in green ripening period. The total nitrogen accumulation in each part of cherry tomato is the root of leaf and stem. In the period of color breaking, the total nitrogen accumulation in each part of cherry tomato is expressed as leaf and fruit stem root. The total nitrogen accumulation in all parts of cherry tomato is shown as leaf stem root from the turn to red ripe stage. The total phosphorus accumulation in the various parts of cherry tomato plants is shown in the green ripening period and cherry tomato in each part. The total P accumulation in the parts of the plant was the root of leaf and stem, and the total P accumulation in each part of cherry tomato could be generally expressed as the stem root after the coloring period. The accumulation of potassium in all parts of the cherry tomato plants showed that the total potassium accumulation in each part of cherry tomato was shown as the leaf and fruit stem root in the green ripening period. The amount of total nitrogen accumulation, total phosphorus accumulation and total potassium accumulation were improved in different degrees. The content of total K accumulation was generally shown as low carbon amount treatment compared with high carbon treatment. It indicated that low carbon amount treatment was beneficial to the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in cherry tomato fruit, while high carbon amount treatment was beneficial to the accumulation of potassium elements in cherry tomato fruit. (4) compared with the control, the application of bio carbon energy was compared with the control. The content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in cherry tomato fruit can be significantly increased, and with the increase of carbon content, vitamin C content and soluble sugar content are also increasing. But the content of soluble protein, organic acid content and sugar and acid ratio in fruit are not significant. (5) the yield of cherry tomato fruit can be significantly improved by applying biological carbon. Low carbon treatment was better than high carbon treatment. It is worth noting that, compared with the control, low carbon amount treatment significantly increased the number of cherry tomatoes, but had no significant effect on the quality of single fruit, thus significantly increasing the yield. In addition, in the first growing season, there was no significant difference between high carbon yield and control in the first growing season, but in second growth. The yield of high carbon treatment was higher than that of control 20.1%, and the difference reached a significant level.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S158.3
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本文編號(hào)：1969504