發(fā)布時間：2018-06-01 13:23

  本文選題：土壤改良劑 + 造粒�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：土壤是人類賴以生存的基礎(chǔ),近年來出現(xiàn)了許多土壤問題,嚴(yán)重地制約了農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。土壤改良劑常用來調(diào)理障礙土壤,但粉狀改良劑在實際的使用過程中存在不少問題,如難以實現(xiàn)均勻地拋灑,易產(chǎn)生揚(yáng)塵危害,并且不能根據(jù)實際情況快速地按照比例進(jìn)行調(diào)配。因此,解決粉狀改良劑在實際使用中的問題,對改良劑的推廣具有重大的意義。本次課題采用圓盤造粒機(jī)對粉狀改良劑進(jìn)行造粒研究,并通過崩解儀對影響粒狀改良劑崩解的相關(guān)因素進(jìn)行探討,目的是制備具有一定強(qiáng)度的粒狀土壤改良劑,并且粒狀土壤改良劑能夠快速遇水發(fā)生崩解,進(jìn)而對障礙土壤進(jìn)行改良,主要的研究結(jié)論如下:1、磷礦粉經(jīng)研磨處理,特征粒徑減小,比表面積增大,顆粒間發(fā)生團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象。隨著研磨時間的延長,磷礦粉有效磷含量增加,氟磷灰石、石英、羥基磷灰石三類主要礦物相特征峰衍射強(qiáng)度均不同程度減弱,結(jié)晶程度降低。2、成粒率與合格率隨著圓盤轉(zhuǎn)速的增大而增大,兩者隨著圓盤傾角和加水量的增加,先增加后減小。當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)速為35r/min,傾角為60°,加水量為35%時,造粒效果最好,成粒率、合格率分別為83.34%、69.59%;磷礦粉、白云石造粒效果優(yōu)于沸石和有機(jī)肥;磷礦粉細(xì)度越小,成粒率越大,沸石含量越多,成粒率越低;成粒率隨凹凸棒土添加量的增加而增大,膨潤土添加量對造粒結(jié)果沒有影響;當(dāng)凹凸棒土、淀粉、聚乙烯醇添加量均為10%時,相比較凹凸棒土,淀粉與聚乙烯醇的造粒效果更好,且具有顯著性差異,成粒率分別增加了10.40%、21.05%。3、磷礦粉細(xì)度越小,崩解時間越長。同一研磨時間下不同配比崩解時間排序大致為1:15組1:30組1:0組;不同顆粒大小崩解時間排序為5~10mm組3~5mm組1~3mm組;崩解時間隨膨潤土添加量的增加而減小,凹凸棒土添加量對崩解特性沒有影響;當(dāng)膨潤土、微晶纖維素、羧甲基淀粉鈉添加量均為5%時,崩解時間排序為微晶纖維素羧甲基淀粉鈉膨潤土,三者差異顯著。4、不同崩解劑的吸水速度大小排序為膨潤土羧甲基淀粉鈉微晶纖維素,飽和吸水量排序為羧甲基淀粉鈉微晶纖維素膨潤土,微晶纖維素與膨潤土差別不大,僅為1.75%;三種崩解劑吸水過程均符合吸水動力學(xué)方程,吸水滯后時間排序為羧甲基淀粉鈉微晶纖維素膨潤土,相比較羧甲基淀粉鈉,膨潤土和微晶纖維素吸水滯后時間分別減少了43.00%、12.33%。吸水速率常數(shù)方面,相比較微晶纖維素,膨潤土和羧甲基淀粉鈉吸水速率常數(shù)分別增加了37.20%、4.71%。綜上可知膨潤土親水性最好,且吸水速度最快,崩解效果最好。5、干燥試驗結(jié)果表明,由于升速階段和恒速階段時間都比較短或者不存在,所以本部分重點研究降速干燥階段。選取的四大因素中,干燥溫度對濕分比和干燥速度的影響最為顯著,其次是加水量,磷礦粉細(xì)度和凹凸棒土添加量影響不大�？傮w而言,隨著干燥的不斷進(jìn)行,干燥速度逐漸降低,且到后期各因素對其影響變小。干燥溫度對濕分比的影響可以通過Wang經(jīng)驗?zāi)Ｐ瓦M(jìn)行模擬,擬合效果較好。
[Abstract]:Soil is the basis of human survival. In recent years, many soil problems have appeared, which seriously restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. Soil amelioration is often used to regulate the obstacle soil, but there are many problems in the practical use of the modifier, such as it is difficult to achieve uniform spraying, easily produce dust hazards, and can not be based on actual conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to solve the problems in the actual use of powdery improver in practical use, and it is of great significance to popularize the improver. This subject uses a disc granulation machine to study the granulation of powdery improver, and discusses the related factors affecting the disintegration of granular modifier through disintegration instrument. The preparation of granular soil modifier with a certain strength, and the granular soil improver can disintegrate quickly with water, and then improve the barrier soil. The main research conclusions are as follows: 1, the phosphate rock powder is grinded, the characteristic particle size decreases, the specific surface area increases, and the particle agglomeration occurs between the grains. With the prolongation of the grinding time, the phosphate rock powder is extended. With the increase of effective phosphorus content, the diffraction intensity of the characteristics peak of three major mineral phases of fluorapatite, quartz and hydroxyapatite decreased in varying degrees, and the degree of crystallization decreased by.2. The grain percentage and qualified rate increased with the increase of disc speed. Both increased and then decreased with the increase of disc angle and water increase. When the rotational speed was 35r/min, the dip angle was 60 degrees. When the amount of water is 35%, the granulation effect is best, the percentage of granulation is 83.34%, and the qualified rate is 83.34%, 69.59%. The granulation effect of phosphorite powder and dolomite is superior to that of zeolite and organic fertilizer; the smaller the size of the phosphate ore, the greater the grain yield, the more the zeolite content, the lower the percentage of the granulation, and the increase of the grain percentage with the increase of the amount of attapulgite soil, and the amount of bentonite added to the granulation result. When the amount of palygorskite, starch and polyvinyl alcohol is 10%, the granulation effect of palygorskite is better than that of palygorskite, and the granulation effect of starch and polyvinyl alcohol is better, and there is a significant difference. The grain percentage increase by 10.40%, 21.05%.3, the smaller the fineness of the phosphate rock, the longer the disintegration time. The sort of disintegration time of different proportions is roughly 1 under the same grinding time. 15 groups of 1:0 group at 1:30 group, the disintegration time of different particle size is 5~10mm group 3~5mm 1~3mm group, and the disintegration time decreases with the increase of bentonite addition, and the amount of attapulgite soil addition does not affect the disintegration property. When bentonite, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl starch are added to the amount of sodium carboxymethyl starch, the disintegration time is ordered to be microcrystalline cellulose Suo Jiaji The difference between the three kinds of sodium starch bentonite is.4, the water absorption rate of different disintegrating agents is bentonite Carboxymethyl Starch Sodium Microcrystalline Cellulose, the saturated water absorption is sorted by Carboxymethyl Starch Sodium Microcrystalline Cellulose bentonite, and the difference between microcrystalline cellulose and bentonite is little, only 1.75%. The water absorption process of the three disintegrating agents all conforms to the water absorption kinetics. The water absorption lag time was sorted by Carboxymethyl Starch Sodium Microcrystalline Cellulose bentonite, compared with sodium carboxymethyl starch, the water absorption lag time of bentonite and microcrystalline cellulose decreased by 43% respectively, and the water absorption rate constant of 12.33%. was compared with microcrystalline cellulose, and the water absorption rate constant of bentonite and carboxymethyl starch sodium increased by 37.20%, respectively. It is found that the hydrophilic property of bentonite is the best, and the water absorption speed is the fastest and the disintegration effect is best.5. The drying test results show that, because of the short or non existence of the speed and the constant speed, this part focuses on the study of the effect of drying temperature on the wet fraction ratio and the drying speed of the four major factors. The most significant, the next is the amount of water, the fineness of phosphate rock and the amount of attapulgite have little effect. As a whole, the drying speed gradually decreases with the continuous drying, and the influence of various factors on it is smaller in the later period. The effect of the drying temperature on the wet fraction can be simulated by the Wang empirical model, and the fitting effect is better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S156.2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉偉華;宋來;李英民;;一種復(fù)合硬化改性無機(jī)粘結(jié)劑制備工藝的研究[J];鑄造;2016年11期

2 馮留海;趙凡;劉美麗;盛文君;左晶;毛羽;;噴嘴徑向位置對噴霧造粒塔流動特性的影響[J];石油學(xué)報(石油加工);2016年05期

3 孫櫻萁;郭建斌;李子富;白曉鳳;劉宇;;生物質(zhì)炭基肥料對黑麥草生長特性的影響[J];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2016年12期

4 楊歆歆;趙庚星;李濤;萬廣華;李萍;;山東省土壤酸化特征及其影響因素分析[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2016年S2期

5 王天寶;袁博;;改性磷酸鹽無機(jī)粘結(jié)劑的性能研究[J];精密成形工程;2016年05期

6 張玲莉;宋金春;;索拉非尼干混懸劑處方工藝優(yōu)選及其含量測定[J];中國藥師;2016年09期

7 杜佳慶;;聚烯烴擠壓造粒機(jī)技術(shù)研究與探討[J];石化技術(shù);2016年06期

8 陳加森;孫峰;董廷霞;徐學(xué)敏;張泳昌;王春河;;氮化硅噴霧造粒粉的工藝研究[J];陶瓷;2016年06期

9 梁曉琳;鐘茜;高旭;李榮;張娟;沈其榮;;復(fù)合微生物肥料圓盤造粒工藝研究[J];土壤通報;2016年03期

10 邢潔;李運(yùn)景;唐蕾;李卓亞;;菌毒清分散片處方的優(yōu)選試驗[J];中國藥師;2016年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 郭晉瑜;肥料成粒相關(guān)影響因素的研究[D];山西師范大學(xué);2015年

2 扈親懷;不同粒徑與用量的磷礦粉鈍化土壤重金屬（Cd、Pb）的機(jī)制研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2014年

3 黃花;石膏在肥料鹽中的相變及復(fù)混肥成粒機(jī)理研究[D];山西師范大學(xué);2014年

4 劉桃;固體粘結(jié)劑在化肥中的作用機(jī)理及應(yīng)用研究[D];山西師范大學(xué);2013年

5 溫瑾;海帶微晶纖維素藥用輔料的制備與應(yīng)用研究[D];青島科技大學(xué);2012年

6 梁亞勤;固體粘結(jié)劑在單一化肥中形態(tài)變化及顆�；芯縖D];山西師范大學(xué);2012年

7 宮作巖;改善燒結(jié)料層透氣性的研究[D];東北大學(xué);2008年

8 胡雪蓮;矯味口腔崩解片的研究[D];重慶醫(yī)科大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號：1964328