發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-01 11:25

  本文選題：氨氧化細(xì)菌 + 氨氧化古菌��； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:艾比湖濕地國家自然保護(hù)區(qū)是國內(nèi)最具代表性的溫帶干旱區(qū)濕地荒漠生態(tài)系統(tǒng),在調(diào)節(jié)氣候、維持區(qū)域生態(tài)平衡等方面有著非常重要的作用。氨氧化反應(yīng)是硝化作用的限速步驟,而參與這一反應(yīng)的氨氧化微生物是氨氧化細(xì)菌(AOB)和氨氧化古菌(AOA)。本研究旨在揭示艾比湖濕地不同植物根際和非根際土壤氨氧化微生物多樣性和豐度及其與濕地環(huán)境因子的相互關(guān)系。方法:本文采集鹽節(jié)木,蘆葦和花花柴根際與非根際的土壤,通過測(cè)定土壤理化因子來了解土壤環(huán)境的狀況。通過構(gòu)建AOB amoA基因和AOA amoA基因文庫來研究不同植物根際氨氧化微生物的多樣性。利用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR(qPCR)來確定不同植物根際和非根際氨氧化微生物,古菌,細(xì)菌的豐度,同時(shí)利用冗余分析(redundancy analysis,RDA)揭示氨氧化微生物多樣性指數(shù)和豐度與土壤環(huán)境因子的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果:土壤理化因子結(jié)果顯示,鹽節(jié)木(8.64),蘆葦(8.2)、花花柴(8.61)根際土壤的pH均高于其非根際土壤的p H,均為堿性土壤。含水量為:蘆葦根際土壤鹽節(jié)木花花柴;鹽節(jié)木的根際土壤中電導(dǎo)率最高,蘆葦?shù)拇沃?花花柴的非根際土壤中最低;有機(jī)質(zhì),全氮,硝態(tài)氮,銨態(tài)氮的含量在不同植物根際和非根際土壤中均較低,而有效磷和速效鉀的含量較高。文庫多樣性分析顯示各植物根際土壤中AOB文庫的豐富度、Chao1指數(shù)、ACE指數(shù)、Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)均高于AOA文庫的多樣性指數(shù)。系統(tǒng)發(fā)育樹結(jié)果顯示,AOA的序列主要聚為兩大簇:Nitrosopumilus和Nitrososphaera cluster。大約92.92%AOA amoA序列都隸屬于Nitrosopumilus cluster,是AOA的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)種群。AOB的序列主要聚類為Nitrosomonas和Nitrosospira。然而,只有9.76%AOB amoA序列隸屬于Nitrosospira genus,90.24%AOB amoA序列隸屬于Nitrosomonas genus。Nitrosomonas genus包括四個(gè)簇:Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster,Nitrosomonas-like cluster,Nitrosomonas communis cluster和Nitrosomonas sp.Nm143 cluster。qPCR結(jié)果表明,AOA的豐度為(2.09×104-2.94×105)拷貝數(shù)/克,其中花花柴根際AOA的豐度最高,是鹽節(jié)木根際AOA豐度的14.07倍。AOB的豐度為(2.91×105-1.05×106)copies/g,其中蘆葦根際AOB的豐度最高。而AOB/AOA的值2.09(花花柴的根際)-29.92(蘆葦?shù)姆歉H)。古菌的豐度范圍為(8.78×105-5.15×107)拷貝數(shù)/g,而細(xì)菌的范圍為(4.74×104-4.8×108)拷貝數(shù)/g,發(fā)現(xiàn)古菌和細(xì)菌豐度最低的均在花花柴的非根際土壤中,最高的均在鹽節(jié)木的根際土壤中。RDA分析表明,電導(dǎo)率,有機(jī)質(zhì),全氮,銨態(tài)氮等與氨氧化微生物的多樣性和豐度相關(guān)。結(jié)論:艾比湖濕地土壤的鹽堿程度較高,含水量較低,土壤營養(yǎng)較為貧瘠。根際土壤中AOB的多樣性高于AOA。AOA amoA序列隸屬于Nitrosopumilus和Nitrososphaera clusters.,AOB amoA隸屬于Nitrosospira sp.和Nitrosomonas sp.,其中Nitrosomonas oligotropha cluster和Nitrosomonas communis cluster是AOB的優(yōu)勢(shì)種群。AOB的豐度高于AOA的豐度。由此可知AOB在艾比湖濕地氨氧化反應(yīng)的過程中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。電導(dǎo)率,有機(jī)質(zhì),銨態(tài)氮等可能會(huì)影響氨氧化微生物的群落結(jié)構(gòu)和豐度。
[Abstract]:Objective: the National Nature Reserve of IBI Lake wetland is the most representative temperate arid region wetland ecosystem, which plays a very important role in regulating the climate and maintaining the regional ecological balance. The ammonia oxidation reaction is the rate limiting step of nitrification, and the ammoxidation bacteria (AOB), which is involved in the reaction, is a ammonia oxidizing bacteria. And ammonia oxidizing palaeobacteria (AOA). This study aims to reveal the interrelationship between the diversity and abundance of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil of different plants in the wetland of ABI lake and their relationship with the environmental factors of the wetland. Methods: This paper collected salt node, reed and flower wood root and non rhizosphere soil, and understand soil ring by measuring soil physical and chemical factors. The AOB amoA gene and the AOA amoA gene library were constructed to study the diversity of the rhizosphere ammonia oxidizing microorganisms in different plants. The real time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the abundances of the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere ammoxidation microorganisms, the Archaea and the bacteria in different plants, and the ammoxidation was revealed by the redundancy analysis (redundancy analysis, RDA). Results of the correlation between microbial diversity index and abundance and soil environmental factors. Results: the results of soil physical and chemical factors showed that the pH of salting wood (8.64), reed (8.2), flower wood (8.61) rhizosphere soil were all higher than P H in non rhizosphere soil, and all were alkaline soil. The highest conductivity, the second of the reed, the lowest in the non rhizosphere soil of the flower firewood. The content of organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soils of different plants is lower, but the content of available phosphorus and available potassium is higher. The analysis of library diversity shows the richness of the AOB Library in the rhizosphere soil of each plant, the Chao1 index, ACE index, S The hannon-Wiener index is higher than the diversity index of the AOA library. The results of phylogenetic tree show that the sequence of AOA is mainly clustered into two large clusters: Nitrosopumilus and Nitrososphaera cluster. about 92.92%AOA amoA sequences are all subordinate to Nitrosopumilus cluster, which are the main dominant dominant species of.AOB. Ra., however, only the 9.76%AOB amoA sequence is subordinate to the Nitrosospira genus, and the 90.24%AOB amoA sequence is subordinate to the Nitrosomonas genus.Nitrosomonas genus including four clusters. 2.09 x 104-2.94 x 105) copy number / gram, among which, the abundance of AOA in interrhizosphere of flower wood is the highest, and the abundance of AOA abundance of 14.07 times.AOB (2.91 x 105-1.05 * 106) copies/g, which is the highest in reed rhizosphere AOB, while AOB/AOA is 2.09 (rhizosphere of flower firewood). The abundance of palaeo bacteria is (8.78 * 105-5.). 15 * 107) copy number /g, and the range of bacteria (4.74 x 104-4.8 x 108) copy number /g, found that palaeo and bacteria abundances are the lowest in the non rhizosphere soil of flower firewood. The highest.RDA analysis in the rhizosphere soil of salt sawwood shows that the conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and so on are related to the diversity and abundance of ammoxide microorganism. The salinity of the wetland soil in Ebinur Lake is high, the water content is low, and the soil nutrition is relatively poor. The diversity of AOB in the rhizosphere soil is higher than that of the AOA.AOA amoA sequence belonging to Nitrosopumilus and Nitrososphaera clusters.. AOB amoA is subordinate to Nitrosospira sp. and Nitrosomonas sp.. Mmunis cluster is the dominant population of AOB and the abundance of.AOB is higher than that of AOA. Thus, AOB plays a vital role in the process of ammoxidation of the wetland of Ebinur Lake. Electrical conductivity, organic matter, ammonium nitrogen and so on may affect the community structure and abundance of ammoxide microorganism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3

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本文編號(hào)：1964015