本文選題：黃帝陵 + 古側(cè)柏��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：黃帝陵古柏群是黃帝陵的重要象征,是古代人民祭拜黃帝和華夏文明的重要歷史見證,是我國珍貴的歷史文化遺產(chǎn),具有極高的歷史文化和科學(xué)價值。但是,近些年來黃帝陵柏樹林的生長已顯衰退趨勢,有的樹木明顯衰弱,甚至死亡,如原來稱為“龍角”的一株古柏已于幾年前死去。隨著旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展,人為因素對側(cè)柏生長環(huán)境的影響越來越嚴(yán)重,造成了許多地方土地板結(jié),側(cè)柏生長不良。加之人為清除側(cè)柏生長環(huán)境下的枯枝落葉,改變了側(cè)柏的自然生長環(huán)境,也影響了側(cè)柏的生理功能與生長。因此,研究人為干擾對古側(cè)柏土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響對古柏的保護與復(fù)壯具有一定意義。本研究以不同鋪裝地古側(cè)柏和不同年齡古側(cè)柏為對象,采用樣地調(diào)查法,對黃帝陵不同鋪裝地古側(cè)柏和不同年齡古側(cè)柏的土壤理化性質(zhì)進行了調(diào)查與分析,運用方差分析、回歸分析等方法,對不同鋪裝樣地土壤理化性質(zhì)和不同年齡古側(cè)柏樣地土壤養(yǎng)分狀況進行綜合評價,并定量分析其變化特征,為黃帝陵古側(cè)柏保護與復(fù)壯提供重要的理論基礎(chǔ)和實踐指導(dǎo)。研究得出結(jié)論如下:1.對古側(cè)柏不同鋪裝樣地研究表明:與未干擾地相比,草坪地、透氣性磚地和硬質(zhì)地板土壤含水量在0-80cm土層總體分別增長0.96%、3.08%、4.25%,裸露地土壤含水量在0-80cm土層總體降低18.54%。草坪地、透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤容重在0-80cm總體分別增長10.7%、26.2%、30.3%、38.5%。土壤孔隙度由未干擾地、裸露地、草坪地、透氣性磚和硬質(zhì)地板依次增大。草坪地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤有機質(zhì)在0-80cm土層總體分別降低14.34%、18.03%、6.61%,透氣性磚地土壤有機質(zhì)在0-80cm土層總體增長3.43%。草坪地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤全氮在0-80cm總體分別降低23.23%、1.01%、17.17%,透氣性磚地土壤全氮在0-80cm總體增長1.01%。草坪地、透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤速效氮在0-80cm總體分別增長4.77%、101.91%、84.74%、65.98%。草坪地、透氣性磚地和裸露地土壤全磷在0-80cm總體分別降低34.38%、3.13%、31.25%,硬質(zhì)地板土壤全磷在0-80cm總體增長18.75%。草坪地土壤速效磷在0-80cm總體降低9.82%,透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤速效磷在0-80cm總體分別增長55.44%、33.33%、42.11%。草坪地、透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤全鉀在0-80cm總體分別降低12.79%、10.08%、0.11%、16.51%。草坪地、透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤速效鉀在0-80cm總體分別增長63.26%、159.52%、48.43%、71.42%。草坪地土壤pH在0-80cm總體增長0.49%,透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤pH在0-80cm總體分別降低0.97%、0.61%、0.85%。草坪地、透氣性磚地、硬質(zhì)地板和裸露地土壤電導(dǎo)率在0-80cm總體分別增長1.86%、22.02%、22.02%、49.07%。通過方差分析和回歸性分析表明,不同林地之間土壤有機質(zhì)、全氮、電導(dǎo)率差異性顯著(P0.05),且與土層厚度有明顯相關(guān)性,并且隨土層深度增加呈現(xiàn)規(guī)律性變化。2.對不同年齡古側(cè)柏樣地研究發(fā)現(xiàn):與未種植側(cè)柏樣地相比,100a和3000a土壤含水量在0-80cm土層總體分別降低12.29%、2.78%,1000a和5000a土壤含水量在0-80cm土層總體分別增長8.55%、1.98%。100a、1000a、3000a和5000a土壤有機質(zhì)在0-80cm土層總體分別增長189.88%、143.66%、35.08%、36.88%。100a、1000a、3000a和5000a土壤全氮在0-80cm土層總體分別增長139.58%、112.50%、27.08%、22.92%.100a和1000a土壤速效氮在0-80cm總體分別增長46.38%、106.23%,3000a和5000a土壤速效氮在0-80cm總體分別降低2.62%、3.62%。100a土壤全磷在0-80cm總體降低15.79%,1000a、3000a和5000a土壤全磷在0-80cm總體分別增長63.16%、136.84%、168.42%。100a、1000a、3000a和5000a土壤速效磷在0-80cm總體分別降低64.20%、42.72%、32.47%、17.28%。100a、1000a和3000a土壤全鉀在0-80cm總體分別降低5.81%、5.96%、14.37%,5000a土壤全鉀在0-80cm總體增長7.18%。100a、1000a、3000a和5000a土壤速效鉀在0-80cm總體分別增長19.71%、33.41%、30.12%、64.38%。100a土壤pH在0-80cm總體降低0.98%,1000a、3000a和5000a土壤pH在0-80cm總體分別降低1.23%、0%、1.35%。100a、1000a、3000a和5000a土壤電導(dǎo)率在0-80cm總體分別增長21.08%、24.74%、48.90%、30.45%。通過方差分析和回歸性分析表明,不同林地之間土壤有機質(zhì)、全氮差異性顯著(P0.05),且與土層厚度有明顯相關(guān)性,并且隨土層深度增加呈現(xiàn)規(guī)律性變化。
[Abstract]:The ancient cypress group in Huang Di mausoleum is an important symbol of the Huang Di mausoleum. It is an important historical witness of the ancient people's worship of Huang Di and the Chinese civilization. It is a precious historical and cultural heritage of our country. It has high historical culture and scientific value. However, in recent years, the growth of the forest of Huang Di mausoleum has declined and declined, and some trees are obviously weak and even died, such as the original. With the development of tourism, the influence of human factors on the growth environment of Platycladus orientalis is becoming more and more serious, resulting in a lot of land consolidation and the bad growth of the Platycladus orientalis, and the artificial removal of the dead branches and deciduous leaves in the environment of the growth of the Platycladus orientalis, which has changed the natural environment of the Platycladus orientalis and also affected the environment. The effects of human interference on the physical and chemical properties of Platycladus orientalis soil have a certain significance to the protection and rejuvenation of cypress. This study takes the different paved Platycladus Platycladus and the different ages of the ancient Platycladus orientalis as the object, and uses the sample plot method to study the soil of the ancient Platycladus orientalis and the ancient Platycladus orientalis in the Huangdi mausoleum. The physical and chemical properties of the soil were investigated and analyzed. By means of variance analysis and regression analysis, the soil physical and chemical properties of different paving plots and the soil nutrient status of different ages of Platycladus orientalis like land were synthetically evaluated, and the characteristics of the change were analyzed quantitatively, which provided an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the protection and rejuvenation of the ancient side of the Huangdi mausoleum. The conclusions are as follows: 1. the study on different paving plots of Platycladus orientalis showed that the soil moisture content of the turf, air permeable and hard floors increased by 0.96%, 3.08%, 4.25% respectively in the 0-80cm soil layer compared to the undisturbed land, and the soil moisture content in the bare soil decreased in the 18.54%. lawn, the air permeability brick ground, the hard floor and the hard floor. The bulk density of bare soil increased by 10.7%, 26.2%, 30.3%, 30.3%, and 38.5%., respectively. The porosity of soil was increased from undisturbed, bare, turf, breathable and hard. The organic matter in the turf, hard floor and bare soil decreased by 14.34%, 18.03%, 6.61%, and the soil organic matter in the air permeable brick soil was 0, respectively, 0. The soil organic matter in the 0-80cm soil layer was 0. The overall growth of -80cm soil layer was 3.43%. lawn, the total nitrogen in the hard floor and bare soil decreased by 23.23%, 1.01%, 17.17% respectively. The total nitrogen in the air permeable brick soil increased overall in the 1.01%. lawn, the air permeable brick land, the hard floor and the exposed soil available nitrogen increased by 4.77%, 101.91%, 84.74%, 65.98%. grass, respectively. The total phosphorus in the soil and the exposed soil decreased by 34.38%, 3.13%, 31.25% respectively in the 0-80cm, and the total phosphorus in the hard floor soil was increased by 0-80cm, and the soil available phosphorus in the 18.75%. lawn was reduced by 9.82%, the permeability brick land, the hard floor and the exposed soil available phosphorus increased by 55.44%, 33.33%, 42.11%. respectively in 0-80cm, respectively. The total potassium of turf land, breathable brick land, hard floor and exposed soil decreased by 12.79%, 10.08%, 0.11%, 16.51%. lawn, air permeable brick land, hard floor and exposed soil available K increased by 63.26%, 159.52%, 48.43%, 71.42 respectively in the 0-80cm, and the turf soil pH in 0-80cm overall increased 0.49%, breathable brick land, The pH of hard floor and exposed soil decreased by 0.97%, 0.61%, 0.61%, 0.85%. lawn, air permeability brick, hard floor and exposed soil increased by 1.86%, 22.02%, 22.02% respectively. The difference of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and electrical conductivity between different woodlands was analyzed by variance analysis and regression analysis. Significant (P0.05), and a significant correlation with the thickness of soil layer, and a regular change of soil depth with the depth of soil layer..2. to different ages of Platycladus orientalis like land study found that the soil water content of 100A and 3000A decreased by 12.29%, 2.78%, 1000A and 5000A soil water content in 0-80cm soil layer as compared with the non planted Platycladus orientalis like land. The soil organic matter of 1.98%.100a, 1000A, 3000A and 5000A increased by 189.88%, 143.66%, 35.08%, 36.88%.100a, 1000A, 3000A and 5000A respectively increased by 139.58%, 112.50%, 27.08%, 27.08%, 22.92%.100a and 1000A soil increased 46.38%, 106.23%, respectively, respectively. The soil available nitrogen in 0-80cm and 5000A decreased by 2.62% respectively, and total phosphorus in 3.62%.100a decreased by 15.79% in total, and total phosphorus in 1000A, 3000A and 5000A increased by 63.16%, 136.84%, 168.42%.100a, 1000A, 3000A and 5000A soil respectively, 64.20%, 42.72%, 32.47%, respectively. Total K of soil decreased by 5.81%, 5.96%, 14.37%, and total potassium in 5000A soil increased by 7.18%.100a, 1000A, 3000A and 5000A in 0-80cm increased by 19.71%, 33.41%, 30.12%, and pH in 64.38%.100a, 0.98%, 1.23%, 0%, 1 respectively. The soil conductivity of.35%.100a, 1000A, 3000A and 5000A increased by 21.08%, 24.74%, 48.90%. 30.45%. through analysis of variance and regression analysis showed that the difference of soil organic matter and total nitrogen was significant (P0.05) between different woodlands (P0.05), and there was a significant correlation with the thickness of soil layer, and there was a regular change with the depth of soil layer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S714.2

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