本文選題：GIS技術(shù) + 儀隴縣　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水土保持規(guī)劃是指為了防止水土流失而制定的水土保持綜合治理開發(fā)的總體部署和實(shí)施安排的工作計劃。目前,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的發(fā)展,水土流失問題逐漸凸顯出來,直接危害到我國自然環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。四川省位于長江流域上游,地勢高低不均并以山地為主,降雨量多且強(qiáng)度大,是我國水土流失最為嚴(yán)重的省區(qū)之一。四川省的水土流失保持工作密切關(guān)系到長江中下游地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。論文選取地處“盆北高丘、中丘保土人居環(huán)境維護(hù)區(qū)”同時也是嘉陵江中下游國家級水土流失重點(diǎn)治理區(qū)的儀隴縣為研究區(qū)域,根據(jù)四川省最新水土保持工作大綱,對該地的水土流失現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行評價并提出水土保持規(guī)劃,以期為儀隴縣的水土保持工作提供依據(jù)。本文以儀隴縣2015年遙感影像為數(shù)據(jù)源,選取降水、土壤可蝕性、地形、植被覆蓋度和管理措施五大因子,結(jié)合儀隴縣基礎(chǔ)資料,運(yùn)用GIS工具與ENVI軟件分析提取因子信息;采用USLE模型計算得出研究區(qū)侵蝕模數(shù),結(jié)合國家土壤侵蝕強(qiáng)度分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),得到研究區(qū)不同土壤侵蝕強(qiáng)度等級的分布和面積;根據(jù)研究區(qū)水土流失現(xiàn)狀,劃分生態(tài)建設(shè)區(qū)、水土流失預(yù)防區(qū)和治理區(qū);通過典型小流域治理示例,提出研究區(qū)水土保持預(yù)防與治理措施。通過上述研究,論文取得的主要研究成果有:(1)儀隴縣水土流失現(xiàn)象普遍存在且以水蝕為主,流失面積為865.85km2,占全縣土地面積的48.35%。侵蝕強(qiáng)度等級以中度為主,其中輕度侵蝕為205.67km2,占流失面積的23.75%;中度為348.22 km2,占流失面積的40.22%;強(qiáng)度侵蝕為180.75 km2,占流失面積的20.87%;極強(qiáng)侵蝕為83.45 km2,占流失面積的9.64%;劇烈侵蝕為47.76 km2,占流失面積的5.52%。(2)侵蝕強(qiáng)度較大的區(qū)域主要分布在縣域中部和東部低山丘陵區(qū)。其中,最為嚴(yán)重的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為永樂鎮(zhèn)、板橋鄉(xiāng)、秋埡鄉(xiāng)、大寅鎮(zhèn),侵蝕強(qiáng)度在劇烈以上的侵蝕面積比例超過50%。(3)根據(jù)儀隴縣水土侵蝕現(xiàn)狀,結(jié)合該地區(qū)的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況和自然環(huán)境特點(diǎn)等,將儀隴縣劃分為三個生態(tài)建設(shè)區(qū);縣域西部、西南部及東北部為水土流失防治區(qū),縣域中部和東部為水土保持治理區(qū)。
[Abstract]:Soil and water conservation planning refers to the overall arrangement and implementation plan of soil and water conservation comprehensive management and development in order to prevent soil and water loss. At present, with the development of our country's economy and society, the problem of soil and water loss is gradually prominent, which directly endangers the natural environment and the economic development of our country. Sichuan Province is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. It is one of the most serious soil and water loss provinces in China. The conservation of soil and water loss in Sichuan Province is closely related to the ecological environment and social and economic development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This paper selects Yilong County, which is located in the high hill in the north of the basin and in the middle and lower reaches of Jialing River, as the research area, according to the latest work outline of soil and water conservation in Sichuan Province, which is also the key control area of national soil and water loss in the middle and lower reaches of Jialing River. The present situation of soil and water loss in Yilong County was evaluated and the soil and water conservation planning was put forward in order to provide the basis for soil and water conservation in Yilong County. Taking the remote sensing image of Yilong County in 2015 as the data source, this paper selects five factors of precipitation, soil erodibility, topography, vegetation coverage and management measures, and combines the basic data of Yilong County with GIS tools and ENVI software to analyze and extract factor information. The USLE model was used to calculate the erosion modulus of the study area, and the distribution and area of different soil erosion intensity grades were obtained according to the national soil erosion intensity classification standard, and the ecological construction area was divided according to the present situation of soil and water loss in the study area. The prevention and control measures of soil and water conservation in the study area are put forward through the examples of typical small watershed management. Through the above research, the main research results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) Water erosion is the most common phenomenon in Yilong County, with a loss area of 865.85 km ~ 2, accounting for 48.35% of the total land area of the county. The grade of erosion intensity is mainly moderate. Mild erosion was 205.67km2, accounting for 23.75km2 of the lost area; moderate erosion was 348.22 km2, accounting for 40.22g of the lost area; intensity erosion was 180.75 km2, accounting for 20.87km of the lost area; extremely strong erosion was 83.45km2, accounting for 9.64% of the lost area; and severe erosion was 47.76km2, accounting for 5.52.2% of the lost area.) The areas with high erosion intensity are mainly distributed in the central and eastern hilly areas of the county. Among them, the most serious villages and towns are Yongle Town, Banqiao Township, Qiuyao Township, Dayin Town, where the erosion intensity is over 50. 3% of the erosion area.) according to the present situation of water and soil erosion in Yilong County, According to the social and economic development and natural environment characteristics of this area, Yilong County is divided into three ecological construction areas: the west, the southwest and the northeast of the county are the soil and water loss control areas, and the central and eastern parts of the county are the soil and water conservation control areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S157

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