本文選題：雙變量施肥 + 肥料物理力學(xué)特性��； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)田施肥中存在化肥投放量大、肥料過(guò)量偏施、化肥利用率偏低、投入產(chǎn)出比較低等問(wèn)題,并由此引起了農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量下降、地下水污染、水體富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化。為了減少肥料的投放量,實(shí)現(xiàn)肥料的合理施用,設(shè)計(jì)出一種雙變量施肥機(jī),在離散元軟件中進(jìn)行了顆粒肥料的仿真排肥試驗(yàn),并設(shè)計(jì)試制雙變量施肥試驗(yàn)裝置,在試驗(yàn)裝置上進(jìn)行排肥試驗(yàn),主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)針對(duì)顆粒肥料的物理力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)測(cè)定,主要對(duì)磷酸二銨的三維尺寸、顆粒的真實(shí)密度和堆積密度等物理特性以及其動(dòng)靜摩擦系數(shù)、休止角、碰撞恢復(fù)系數(shù)、剛度系數(shù)和剪切模量等力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了測(cè)定。然后對(duì)測(cè)定結(jié)果進(jìn)行討論分析,為下一步變量施肥機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)及離散元法分析時(shí)確定合適的參數(shù)提供依據(jù)。(2)根據(jù)田間施肥量需求和機(jī)具作業(yè)速度,確定變量施肥系統(tǒng)的整體方案,包括施肥機(jī)排肥機(jī)構(gòu)、施肥機(jī)整體結(jié)構(gòu)和控制系統(tǒng)的確定;設(shè)計(jì)出雙變量施肥機(jī),主要包括雙變量外槽輪排肥器、螺旋式外槽輪、轉(zhuǎn)速開(kāi)度調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)、柔性開(kāi)溝覆土裝置和不等容積的肥箱等關(guān)鍵機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)以及雙變量施肥機(jī)液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與附件選擇。(3)在離散元軟件進(jìn)行肥料顆粒和排肥器的建模,進(jìn)行直槽式槽輪與螺旋式槽輪排肥器仿真排肥試驗(yàn),對(duì)兩種外槽輪排肥器進(jìn)行了排肥穩(wěn)定性分析;利用離散元軟件進(jìn)行多種轉(zhuǎn)速開(kāi)度組合下的仿真排肥試驗(yàn);搭建雙變量試驗(yàn)裝置,進(jìn)行排肥試驗(yàn),將試驗(yàn)結(jié)果同離散元軟件上進(jìn)行的仿真排肥試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,得出仿真試驗(yàn)與排肥裝置上進(jìn)行的排肥試驗(yàn)的排肥量隨轉(zhuǎn)速開(kāi)度改變的變化趨勢(shì)一致,證明了采用離散元素法分析外槽輪式排肥器的有效性和可行性。(4)分析排肥軸轉(zhuǎn)速與排肥量之間的關(guān)系,排肥軸開(kāi)度與排肥量之間的關(guān)系以及排肥軸轉(zhuǎn)速、開(kāi)度兩個(gè)變量耦合時(shí),兩變量與排肥量之間的關(guān)系,并對(duì)各種影響因素進(jìn)行了排肥器的排肥穩(wěn)定性和均勻性分析。
[Abstract]:There are some problems in fertilizer application, such as large amount of fertilizer, excessive application of fertilizer, low utilization rate of fertilizer, low input-output and so on, which leads to the decline of agricultural product quality, groundwater pollution and eutrophication of water body. In order to reduce the amount of fertilizer and realize the rational application of fertilizer, a kind of two-variable fertilizer machine was designed, and the simulated fertilizer discharge test of granular fertilizer was carried out in discrete element software, and the experiment device of two-variable fertilizer was designed. The main contents of this experiment are as follows: (1) the physical and mechanical properties of granular fertilizer were tested, and the three-dimensional size of diammonium phosphate was measured. The physical properties, such as real density and packing density of particles, as well as the dynamic and static friction coefficient, angle of repose, collision recovery coefficient, stiffness coefficient and shear modulus were measured. Then the test results are discussed and analyzed, which provides the basis for the design of the next variable rate fertilization machine and the determination of the appropriate parameters when the discrete element method is used to determine the appropriate parameters.) according to the field fertilization requirements and the speed of the machine and tools, the overall scheme of the variable rate fertilization system is determined. It includes fertilizer discharging mechanism, the whole structure and control system of fertilization machine, and the design of double variable fertilizer application machine, which mainly includes double variable external slot wheel fertiliser, spiral external groove wheel, speed opening adjusting mechanism, and so on. The design of key mechanisms, such as flexible trench covering device and unequal volume fertilizer box, as well as the design of hydraulic system of two-variable fertilization machine and the selection of accessories, are modeled in discrete element software, such as fertilizer particle and fertiliser. In this paper, the emulation experiment of fertiliser with straight slot wheel and spiral groove wheel is carried out, and the stability of the two kinds of external slot wheel is analyzed, and the simulation experiment is carried out by using discrete element software under the combination of various rotational speed opening degree. A bivariate experiment device was set up to carry out the fertilizer discharge test. The results of the experiment were compared with the results of the simulation experiment conducted on the discrete element software. It is concluded that the variation trend of the amount of fertilizer discharged with the speed opening degree is consistent with that of the emulation test and the fertilizer discharge experiment carried out on the fertiliser device. It is proved that the discrete element method is effective and feasible to analyze the efficiency and feasibility of the external grooved wheel type fertiliser.) the relationship between the rotation speed of the discharge shaft and the amount of fertilizer discharge, the relationship between the opening degree of the discharge axis and the discharge amount, and the coupling of the rotation speed and the opening degree of the discharge shaft are analyzed. The relationship between the two variables and the amount of fertilizer excretion was studied. The stability and uniformity of the effluents of various factors were analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S224.2

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本文編號(hào)：1934645