本文選題：玉米秸稈 + 低溫(10℃)��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：秸稈還田是提高作物秸稈利用效率、提高土壤肥力、改變土壤微環(huán)境的有效方式,但由于其自身結(jié)構(gòu)、溫度等原因,自然條件下降解速度慢,造成了資源的浪費。本文對已篩選出的降解玉米秸稈的復合菌系的降解效果進行研究,為研究北方低溫降解秸稈的生物制劑提供技術(shù)支撐。主要研究結(jié)果如下：在10℃條件下,對已保存的35個復合菌系,進行復篩、傳代的穩(wěn)定性、秸稈降解效果的測定,選出3個復合菌系,編號為GF-S72、GF-S18、GF-S77。選出的三株在液態(tài)條件下對其生長特性和降解效果進行測定：在10℃條件下,三株復合菌系的生長曲線在接菌后直接進入對數(shù)期：pH值在培養(yǎng)初期迅速下降,隨后穩(wěn)定在7.2左右；FPA、C1、Cx、Cb酶活在添加菌液后均先升高,培養(yǎng)后期下降,GF-S72最高酶活分別為0.82、1.41、1.33、1.25IU, GF-S18最高酶活分別為0.82、1.31、1.35、1.35IU; GF-S77最高酶活分別為0.80、1.23、1.26、1.32IU; GF-S72、 GF-S18、GF-S77培養(yǎng)15d降解率分別為25.60%、21.20%、21.41%,顯著高于CK；GF-S72、GF-S18、GF-77、CK纖維素殘余量分別從培養(yǎng)前的0.45g降解到0.32、0.32、0.33、0.39g；半纖維素殘余量分別從0.27g降解到0.17、0.19、0.18、0.20g；木質(zhì)素殘余量分別從0.09g降解到0.06、0.05、0.06、0.08g,其中纖維素、木質(zhì)素殘余量顯著高于CK。探討其中兩組玉米秸稈低溫降解復合菌系GF-S72、GF-S18、GF-S77接種于土壤模擬還田秸稈的促腐效果。結(jié)果表明：在10℃條件下,施加復合劑GF-S72、GF-S18、GF-S77提高玉米秸稈的降解效果。45d降解率分別為51.50%、37.59%、34.74%,顯著高于CK1; 45d GF-S72、GF-S18、GF-S77纖維素殘余量分別從培養(yǎng)前的2.44g降解到1.12、1.35、1.30g,半纖維素殘余量分別從1.32g降解到0.72、0.87、0.82g,木質(zhì)素殘余量分別從0.42g降解到0.27g、0.31g、0.29g,顯著高于CKl。腐殖質(zhì)碳組成、土壤酶活均高于未添加復合菌系的土壤。因此,復合菌系GF-S72和GF-S18是具有開發(fā)潛力的復合菌系。利用PCR-DGGE技術(shù)研究土微生物多樣性,結(jié)果表明,施加秸稈復合菌劑的土壤DNA豐富度和Shannon指數(shù)高于CK0(原始土壤)、CK1(不加菌)。通過切膠回收條帶、連接轉(zhuǎn)化及測序分析后,主要包括變形菌門(Proteobacteria),厚壁菌門(Firmicutes)、擬桿菌門(Bacteroldetes)。
[Abstract]:Straw returning is an effective way to improve the utilization efficiency of crop straw, improve soil fertility and change the soil microenvironment. However, due to its own structure, temperature and other reasons, the degradation rate is slow under natural conditions, resulting in the waste of resources. This paper studies the degradation effect of the compound bacteria system which has been screened out in order to study the north. The biological agents of low temperature degradation of straw provide technical support. The main results are as follows: under the condition of 10 centigrade, the 35 composite strains were rescreened, the stability of the generation and the degradation effect of straw were determined, and 3 compound strains were selected, and the three strains selected by GF-S72, GF-S18 and GF-S77. were grown under the liquid condition. The degradation effect was determined: at 10 C, the growth curve of three strains of composite strains entered the logarithmic phase directly after inoculation: the pH value declined rapidly in the early stage of culture and then stabilized at about 7.2; FPA, C1, Cx, Cb enzyme increased first, and decreased in the later culture, and the highest GF-S72 activity was 0.82,1.41,1.33,1.25IU, GF-S18, respectively. The highest enzyme activity was 0.82,1.31,1.35,1.35IU, the highest enzyme activity of GF-S77 was 0.80,1.23,1.26,1.32IU, and the degradation rates of 15d in GF-S72, GF-S18 and GF-S77 were 25.60%, 21.20%, 21.41%, respectively, higher than CK, GF-S72, GF-S18, GF-77. The residues of lignin were degraded from 0.27g to 0.17,0.19,0.18,0.20g, respectively, and the residual lignin residues were degraded from 0.09g to 0.06,0.05,0.06,0.08g, respectively. The residue of cellulose and lignin was significantly higher than that of CK., among which two groups of corn straw low temperature degradation compound bacteria GF-S72, GF-S18, GF-S77 were inoculated in soil simulated returning straw. The results showed that: in 1 Under 0 centigrade, GF-S72, GF-S18, GF-S77 were applied to improve the degradation of corn straw, and the degradation efficiency of corn straw was improved by 51.50%, 37.59%, 34.74%, significantly higher than CK1; 45d GF-S72, GF-S18, and GF-S77 cellulose residue were degraded from 2.44g to 1.12,1.35,1.30g, and the residue of hemicellulose was degraded from 1.32g to wood, respectively. The residual mass of the particles was degraded from 0.42g to 0.27g, 0.31g, and 0.29g, which was significantly higher than that of the CKl. humus. The soil enzyme activity was higher than that of the soil that did not add compound bacteria. Therefore, the composite strain GF-S72 and GF-S18 were the complex strains with potential for development. The microbial diversity of soil was studied by PCR-DGGE technology. The results showed that the compound microbial agent was applied to the soil. The DNA richness and Shannon index of soil were higher than that of CK0 (original soil), CK1 (non bacteria). After reclaiming the strip by cutting the glue, the connection transformation and sequencing analysis mainly included the deformable bacteria gate (Proteobacteria), the thick wall fungus gate (Firmicutes), and the bacteriobacteria (Bacteroldetes).
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S141.4

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