本文選題：生物防治 + 層生鐮刀菌��； 參考：《植物保護(hù)學(xué)報》2017年04期

【摘要】：為明確從生長異常的葡萄霜霉層上分離獲得的菌株F3對葡萄生單軸霉Plasmopara viticola的重寄生作用及對葡萄霜霉病的防治效果,通過光學(xué)和掃描電子顯微鏡觀察菌株F3對葡萄生單軸霉的重寄生作用,并對菌株F3進(jìn)行形態(tài)特征觀察及28S rDNA序列分析,采用孢子囊萌發(fā)抑制和離體葉片點樣法測定該菌株對葡萄霜霉病的防治效果。結(jié)果表明,菌株F3對葡萄生單軸霉表現(xiàn)出覆蓋、纏繞的重寄生現(xiàn)象。結(jié)合形態(tài)特征與序列分析結(jié)果將該菌株最終鑒定為層生鐮刀菌Fusarium proliferatum。菌株F3分生孢子懸浮液及其無菌發(fā)酵液對葡萄霜霉菌孢子囊萌發(fā)具有顯著的抑制作用,抑制率分別為86.8%和83.1%;經(jīng)菌株F3分生孢子懸浮液預(yù)防處理后的離體葡萄葉片發(fā)病率為10.9%,顯著低于對照的發(fā)病率98.8%,防治效果達(dá)88.9%;菌株F3分生孢子懸浮液與葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊混合后點樣接種處理的葉片發(fā)病率為50.0%,也顯著低于對照,防治效果為49.1%;而治療處理的葉片發(fā)病率與對照間無顯著差異。表明層生鐮刀菌對葡萄生單軸霉具有重寄生作用,且對葡萄霜霉病具有較強(qiáng)的預(yù)防控制作用。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the hyperparasitic effect of strain F3 on Plasmopara viticola and its control effect on grape downy mildew, the strain F3 was isolated from the layer of Grape frostbite with abnormal growth. The hyperparasitic effect of strain F3 on monoaxial fungi of grape was observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics of strain F3 were observed and the 28s rDNA sequence was analyzed. The control effect of this strain on grape downy mildew was determined by spore germination inhibition and leaf spot method in vitro. The results showed that the strain F _ 3 was highly parasitic to monoaxial fungi of grape. The strain was identified as Fusarium proliferatum by morphological characteristics and sequence analysis. The spore suspension of strain F3 and its aseptic fermentation liquid could significantly inhibit the germination of sporangium of S. grapevine. The rate of inhibition was 86.8% and 83.1%, respectively, and the incidence of isolated grape leaves treated with strain F3 conidia suspension was 10.9, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (98.8%), and the control effect was 88.9%, and strain F3 conidia suspension and grape downy mildew. The incidence of leaf inoculation was 50.0, which was significantly lower than that of the control. The control effect was 49.1, but there was no significant difference between the treatment and the control. The results showed that Fusarium laminalis had a high parasitic effect on monoaxial fungi of grape and had a strong preventive and control effect on downy mildew of grape.
【作者單位】： 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)林學(xué)院河北省林木種質(zhì)資源與森林保護(hù)重點實驗室;河北省山區(qū)研究所;
【基金】：國家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201203035)
【分類號】：S436.631.1;S476.1
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本文編號：1905773