本文選題：秸稈 + 土壤��； 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2017年20期

【摘要】：為了研究凍融期不同覆蓋和氣象因子對土壤導(dǎo)熱率和土壤熱通量的影響,在2015年11月-2016年4月期間,設(shè)置了裸地(BL)、自然積雪覆蓋(SC)、6 000 kg/hm~2秸稈+積雪覆蓋(SM1)、12 000 kg/hm~2秸稈+積雪覆蓋(SM2)和18 000 kg/hm~2秸稈+積雪覆蓋(SM3)5種不同的處理,測定了20、40、60和100 cm土壤含水率和溫度,并計算出土壤導(dǎo)熱率和土壤熱通量。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):在土壤凍結(jié)期,土壤導(dǎo)熱率隨著土壤的凍結(jié)而增大,直至完全凍結(jié)后基本保持不變,而在土壤融化期則逐漸減小。凍融階段,積雪和秸稈覆蓋會延緩?fù)寥缹?dǎo)熱率的變化,減小土壤導(dǎo)熱率的變化。凍結(jié)期,裸地處理的土壤導(dǎo)熱率最大,平均為1.55 W/(m×K);融化期,裸地處理的土壤導(dǎo)熱率最小,平均為0.79 W/(m×K)。在凍結(jié)期,土壤熱量向上傳遞,傳遞量先增加后減小;在融化期,土壤熱量向下傳遞,傳遞量逐漸增加。積雪和秸稈覆蓋可以減小土壤熱通量及其變化。積雪和秸稈覆蓋條件下的土壤熱通量比裸地少4.73~8.84 W/m~2。裸地處理的土壤導(dǎo)熱率與水汽壓的相關(guān)性最好,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.84,與風(fēng)速的相關(guān)性最差,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.43。積雪和秸稈覆蓋條件下的土壤導(dǎo)熱率與環(huán)境溫度的相關(guān)性最好,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.67~-0.73,與風(fēng)速的相關(guān)性最差,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.18~-0.25。土壤熱通量與太陽輻射的相關(guān)性最好,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.88~-0.91,與風(fēng)速的相關(guān)性最差,相關(guān)系數(shù)為-0.44~-0.53。整體而言,積雪和秸稈覆蓋會減小大氣環(huán)境對土壤導(dǎo)熱率和熱通量的影響。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of different mulching and meteorological factors on soil thermal conductivity and soil heat flux during freezing and thawing period, from November 2015 to April 2016, The soil moisture content and temperature of 20 ~ 4060 cm and 100 cm soil were measured under 5 different treatments, I. E. natural snow cover, 6 000 kg/hm~2 straw mulch, 12 000 kg/hm~2 straw snow cover (SM2) and 18 000 kg/hm~2 straw snow cover (SM3). The soil thermal conductivity and soil heat flux were calculated. The results showed that during the period of soil freezing, the soil thermal conductivity increased with the freezing of the soil, and remained basically unchanged until it was completely frozen, but gradually decreased during the period of soil melting. In freezing and thawing stage, snow cover and straw mulch could delay the change of soil thermal conductivity and decrease the change of soil thermal conductivity. During freezing period, the soil thermal conductivity of bare land treatment was the highest, with an average of 1.55 W / m 脳 K ~ (2 +), and that of bare land treatment was the lowest, with an average of 0.79 W / m 脳 K ~ (-1) during melting period. During the freezing period, the heat transfer increased first and then decreased, while in the melting period, the heat transfer gradually increased. Snow cover and straw mulch can reduce soil heat flux and change. The soil heat flux under the condition of snow cover and straw mulch was 4.73 ~ 8.84 W / m ~ (-1) less than that of bare land. The correlation between soil thermal conductivity and water vapor pressure was the best, the correlation coefficient was -0.84, and the correlation coefficient with wind speed was -0.43. Under the condition of snow cover and straw mulching, the correlation between soil thermal conductivity and environmental temperature was the best, the correlation coefficient was -0.67 ~ 0.73, and the correlation coefficient was -0.18 ~ (-0.25) with wind speed. The correlation between soil heat flux and solar radiation was the best, the correlation coefficient was -0.88 ~ 0.91, and the correlation coefficient with wind speed was -0.44 ~ 0.53. As a whole, snow cover and straw mulch can reduce the influence of atmospheric environment on soil heat conductivity and heat flux.
【作者單位】： 東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)水利與土木工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(51679039) 黑龍江省杰出青年基金(JC201402)
【分類號】：S152.8

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本文編號：1880588