發(fā)布時間：2018-05-07 00:24

  本文選題：麥秸-塑膜 + 復(fù)合覆蓋��； 參考：《中國農(nóng)村水利水電》2017年09期

【摘要】：結(jié)合地膜覆蓋與麥秸覆蓋的保墑、生態(tài)效應(yīng),將2者集成麥秸-塑膜復(fù)合系統(tǒng),分析了不同覆蓋方式下的玉米生育進(jìn)程、產(chǎn)量、耗水量、提高土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)的水平等方面的指標(biāo)。研究結(jié)果表明:覆膜和麥秸塑膜復(fù)合覆蓋生育期較麥秸覆蓋和無覆蓋處理提早10 d,其耗水量相對較小,具有節(jié)水、減少無效蒸發(fā)的作用。與無覆蓋處理相比,覆膜處理耗水量減少38.6 mm,復(fù)合覆蓋處理耗水量減少44.0~59.6 mm;覆膜處理水分利用效率提高41.0%,復(fù)合覆蓋處理水分利用效率提高20.8%~30.1%。與播種前相比復(fù)合覆蓋土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量提高8.62%~14.94%,對增加土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,提高麥草利用有積極作用,解決了秸稈覆蓋技術(shù)在推廣應(yīng)用中常遇的"冷環(huán)境+低出苗+低產(chǎn)量"的問題。
[Abstract]:Combined with the soil moisture conservation and ecological effect of mulching with plastic film and wheat straw, the two integrated wheat straw plastic film composite systems were used to analyze the growth process, yield, water consumption and soil organic matter level of maize under different mulching methods. The results showed that the growth period of plastic film mulching and plastic film mulching was 10 days earlier than that of wheat straw mulching and no mulching treatment, and the water consumption was relatively small, which had the function of saving water and reducing ineffective evaporation. Compared with the non-mulching treatment, the water consumption of the film mulching treatment decreased by 38.6 mm, the water consumption of the compound mulching treatment decreased by 44.0 ~ 59.6 mm, the water use efficiency of the film mulching treatment increased by 41.0 mm and the water use efficiency of the composite mulching treatment increased by 20.8% 30.1 mm. Compared with that before sowing, the content of organic matter in compound mulching soil increased by 8.62% and 14.94%, which played a positive role in increasing the content of soil organic matter and improving the utilization of wheat straw. The problem of "low seedling emergence and low yield", which is often encountered in the popularization and application of straw mulching technology, has been solved.
【作者單位】： 甘肅省水利科學(xué)研究院;甘肅省水利水電勘測設(shè)計(jì)研究院;
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題“西部牧區(qū)草地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)水-草-畜平衡與水資源優(yōu)化配置技術(shù)研究”(2016YFC0400301) 甘肅省青年基金項(xiàng)目“麥秸-塑膜復(fù)合覆蓋對土壤水熱及環(huán)境的影響機(jī)制”(145RJYA281) 甘肅省水利重點(diǎn)推廣計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目“河西內(nèi)陸區(qū)精量低壓滴灌技術(shù)體系研究”
【分類號】：S152;S513

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