本文選題：林窗尺度 + 側(cè)柏人工林��； 參考：《南京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以徐州側(cè)柏(Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco)人工林3種不同尺度(S林窗:半徑為4m、M林窗:半徑為8m、L林窗:半徑為12m)林窗及對(duì)照樣地(未開設(shè)林窗)為對(duì)象,研究了林下植被多樣性在林窗內(nèi)外,土壤理化性質(zhì)、土壤微生物生物量及酶活性在林窗內(nèi)、林緣及林窗外部對(duì)不同尺度林窗的響應(yīng),主要結(jié)果如下:(1)林窗內(nèi)無論灌木層還是草本層的Margalef指數(shù)均大于對(duì)照樣地。林窗內(nèi)灌木層的Simpson指數(shù)和Shannon指數(shù)大于對(duì)照樣地;草本層的Simpson指數(shù)和Shannon指數(shù)最大值均出現(xiàn)于S林窗,L林窗和M林窗均低于對(duì)照樣地。灌木層的pielou均勻度指數(shù)最大值出現(xiàn)在S林窗,L林窗和M林窗均低于對(duì)照樣地;草本層的pielou均勻度指數(shù)最大值出現(xiàn)于對(duì)照樣地,并隨林窗尺度增大而降低。(2)與對(duì)照地相比,林窗影響了土壤溫度、含水量及可溶性有機(jī)碳(DOC)含量,不同林窗影響程度不同。其中,S林窗對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響最為明顯。(3)與對(duì)照樣地相比,M林窗顯著提高了春季土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量(p0.05),M林窗和S林窗在春季時(shí)對(duì)土壤MBC含量的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。土壤MBC含量與土壤全碳和DOC含量呈極顯著正相關(guān)(p0.01),與pH值呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.05),與土壤溫度呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.01)。S林窗顯著降低了春季土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)含量(p0.05),而M林窗顯著提高了夏季土壤MBN含量(p0.05)。L林窗在春季和夏季時(shí)對(duì)土壤MBN含量的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置,M林窗在冬季時(shí)對(duì)土壤MBN含量的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林緣位置,S林窗在冬季時(shí)對(duì)土壤MBN含量的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林緣位置,在春季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。土壤MBN含量與土壤含水量、DOC含量和MBC含量呈極顯著正相關(guān)(p0.01),與土壤全碳呈顯著正相關(guān)(p0.05)。(4)與對(duì)照地相比,林窗尺度對(duì)4種土壤酶活性均有顯著影響。M林窗在冬季和春季對(duì)土壤過氧化物酶活性的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;S林窗在秋季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。L林窗在春季時(shí)對(duì)土壤脫氫酶活性的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;M林窗在冬季和夏季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;S林窗在秋季和春季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。L林窗在秋季和夏季時(shí)對(duì)土壤脲酶活性的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;M林窗在春季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;S林窗在秋季和夏季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。L林窗在春季和夏季時(shí)對(duì)土壤蔗糖酶活性的生態(tài)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;M林窗在夏季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置;S林窗在夏季時(shí)達(dá)到林窗外部位置。(5)本研究中不同尺度林窗對(duì)其中植被多樣性、土壤理化性質(zhì)、土壤微生物量和酶活性均有不同程度的影響,即不同尺度林窗的場(chǎng)效應(yīng)不同,表明不同尺度林窗的形成對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分循環(huán)的影響范圍不同。本研究可為生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中制定合理的林窗大小及找到加快森林系統(tǒng)更新的有效途徑提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In this study, 3 different scales of Xuzhou Platycladus orientalis (Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco) plantation (S forest window: radius 4m, M window: radius 8m, L forest window: radius 12m) forest window and control sample (no opening window) were used to study the soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity of the vegetation diversity under forest windows. The main results are as follows: (1) the Margalef index of shrubs and herbaceous layers in the forest window is greater than that of the control. The Simpson index and the Shannon index of the shrub layer in the forest window are larger than the control, and the Simpson index and the maximum Shannon index of the herb layer are all in the S forest. The window, L window and M window were lower than the control. The maximum Pielou evenness index of the shrub layer appeared in the S forest window, the L window and the M window were lower than the control. The maximum value of the Pielou evenness index of the herb layer appeared in the control sample, and decreased with the increase of the forest window scale. (2) the forest window influenced the soil temperature and water content compared with the control area. The content of soluble organic carbon (DOC) and the influence degree of different forest windows were different. Among them, the influence of S window on soil physical and chemical properties was the most obvious. (3) compared with the control sample, the M forest window significantly improved the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content (P0.05) in spring, and the ecological effect of M forest window and S forest window on soil MBC content reached the forest window in spring. There was a significant positive correlation between soil MBC content and total soil carbon and DOC content (P0.01), a significant negative correlation with the value of pH (P0.05), and a significant negative correlation with soil temperature (P0.01).S forest window significantly reduced the soil microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) content (P0.05) in spring soil, while M forest window significantly increased the MBN content of the soil in summer (P0.05) window. The ecological field effect of soil MBN content reached the outside position of the forest window in spring and summer. The ecological field effect of the M forest window on the soil MBN content reached the forest edge position in winter. The ecological field effect of the S forest window on the soil MBN content reached the forest edge position in winter, and reached the outside position of the forest window in spring. The content of soil MBN and the soil water content were water. There was a significant positive correlation between the content of DOC and the content of MBC (P0.01), and a significant positive correlation with total soil carbon (P0.05). (4) compared with the control area, the forest window scale significantly affected the activity of the 4 kinds of soil enzymes in the.M window to reach the outside of the forest window in winter and spring, and the S forest window reached the forest window in the autumn. The ecologic effect of.L forest windows on the activity of soil dehydrogenase in spring reached the outside position of the forest window, and the window of M forest reached the outside window position in winter and summer, and the S forest window reached the outside position of the forest window in autumn and spring, and the ecological effect of.L forest window on the soil urease activity reached the outside of the forest window in autumn and summer; M In spring and summer, the S forest window reached the outside position of the forest window in the autumn and summer. The ecological effect of the.L forest window on the activity of invertase in the spring and summer reached the outside position of the forest window in spring and summer; the window of the M forest reached the outside window of the forest window in summer; the S forest window was in summer Ji Shida to the outside window of the forest. (5) this study did not. The same scale forest windows have different effects on the vegetation diversity, soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity, that is, the field effect of different scale forest windows is different, which indicates that the influence range of different scale forest windows on soil nutrient cycling is different. This study can make reasonable forest window size and find out in production practice. To provide scientific basis for accelerating the regeneration of forest system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3

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