本文選題：土壤水分 + 侵蝕�。� 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2017年12期

【摘要】：洼地蓄水是坡耕地重要的水文要素,由于它與坡耕地產(chǎn)流、土壤入滲能力有關(guān),故也是坡面水土流失研究的重要對象之一。為了進一步認識坡耕地洼地蓄水作用,該研究通過人工模擬降雨試驗方法,對3種常用農(nóng)業(yè)耕作措施(人工鋤耕、人工掏挖、等高耕作)條件下地表填洼量特征與變化進行了深入研究,以平整坡面為對照措施。研究結(jié)果表明,實施農(nóng)業(yè)耕作措施的粗糙坡面平均填洼量較平整坡面提高4~13倍,洼地蓄水量依次為等高耕作人工掏挖人工鋤耕平整坡面;坡度對填洼量具有重要影響,洼地蓄水量隨著坡度的變化可以用冪函數(shù)關(guān)系表達(R~20.70)。對于粗糙坡面,當(dāng)坡度從15°增大到25°過程中,洼地蓄水量逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定,受坡度的影響變小;在耕作坡面上,由于降雨侵蝕造成地表微地形變化,地表糙度減小,洼地蓄水量減小,地表填洼量變化可以通過地表糙度變化進行計算。
[Abstract]:Low land water storage is an important hydrological element of sloping farmland. Because it is related to runoff production and infiltration capacity of sloping land, it is also one of the important objects of soil erosion research on sloping land. In order to further understand the role of water storage in sloping land depression, three kinds of commonly used agricultural tillage measures (manual hoe, manual digging) were studied by artificial simulated rainfall test method. The characteristics and changes of surface filling under the condition of equal height tillage were studied, and the leveling slope was taken as the control measure. The results show that the average filling capacity of rough slope is increased by 4 ~ 13 times than that of smooth slope, and the water storage of the depression is in order of equal height tillage and manual hoeing, and the slope has an important effect on the filling capacity. The relation of power function can be used to express the water storage in the lowland with the change of slope. For the rough slope, when the slope is increased from 15 擄to 25 擄, the water storage in the depression tends to be stable, which is influenced by the slope, and on the tilling slope, the surface roughness decreases due to the change of surface topography caused by rainfall erosion. The variation of surface filling can be calculated by the change of surface roughness.
【作者單位】： 貴州大學(xué)林學(xué)院;西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41601293) 貴州省科技計劃項目(黔科合基礎(chǔ)[2016]1027;黔科合[2016]支撐2835號) 貴州省教育廳青年科技人才成長項目(黔教合KY字[2016]114)
【分類號】：S157

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