發(fā)布時間：2018-05-01 11:33

  本文選題：精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè) + GIS��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：玉米變量施肥作業(yè)自動決策系統(tǒng),是精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。在精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的許多年來,世界各國都在努力研究與開發(fā),為提高生產(chǎn)效率,完善并廣泛使用玉米變量施肥作業(yè)自動決策系統(tǒng)是重要步驟。現(xiàn)今的精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)以增加產(chǎn)量為主要目標(biāo),但要在增產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上保護(hù)環(huán)境,平衡土壤肥力至關(guān)重要。在本研究中,使用土壤網(wǎng)格采樣法獲取了位于吉林省長春市農(nóng)安縣合隆鎮(zhèn)所要研究地塊的土壤養(yǎng)分含量,并設(shè)計了基于GIS技術(shù)的玉米變量施肥自動決策系統(tǒng),使用該系統(tǒng)完成地塊邊界測繪、劃分網(wǎng)格區(qū)域、標(biāo)記采樣點以及制作變量施肥圖;在2014-2017年期間實施了玉米變量施肥的田間運作的實驗分析,并且同傳統(tǒng)施肥地塊進(jìn)行對比研究發(fā)現(xiàn),變量施肥技術(shù)在合理使用化肥施用量的條件下,可以起到既減少投入又提高產(chǎn)量的作用,很大程度上提高了玉米的產(chǎn)量。本文主要研究方向在于:(1)使用GPS設(shè)備對所要研究的田間地塊測繪,獲取地形邊界圖;通過玉米變量施肥作業(yè)自動決策系統(tǒng)將其自動劃分成多個網(wǎng)格區(qū)域,在每個單元中心標(biāo)記采樣點并采樣得到土壤養(yǎng)分含量報告,經(jīng)過分析和處理,繪制變量施肥網(wǎng)格處方圖,實現(xiàn)肥料的變量施用。(2)利用SMS Basic制圖軟件,并結(jié)合計算得到的最終肥料施用量制作變量施肥網(wǎng)格處方圖,通過田間計算機(jī)控制變量施肥播種機(jī)實際作業(yè),達(dá)到精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的科技化、現(xiàn)代化的要求。通過控制變量施肥控制機(jī)將肥料施用量的計算和變量施肥網(wǎng)格處方圖的制作相結(jié)合,從而到達(dá)研究目的。田間試驗得到的結(jié)果表明,基于GIS的玉米變量施肥自動決策系統(tǒng)與GIS的結(jié)合能夠符合精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)意義上的對玉米實現(xiàn)較少肥料、保證產(chǎn)量的要求。
[Abstract]:The automatic decision system of maize variable rate fertilization is the key link of precision agriculture. With the development of precision agriculture for many years, many countries all over the world are making great efforts to research and develop. In order to improve the production efficiency, perfect and widely use the automatic decision system of maize variable-rate fertilization is an important step. Today's precision agriculture aims at increasing yield, but it is important to balance soil fertility in order to protect the environment on the basis of increasing production. In this study, the soil nutrient content in Helong Town, Nong'an County, Changchun City, Jilin Province was obtained by using soil grid sampling method, and the automatic decision system of maize variable fertilization based on GIS technology was designed. The system was used to map the land boundary, divide the grid area, mark the sampling point and make the variable fertilizer map, and carried out the experimental analysis of the field operation of maize variable fertilizer during 2014-2017, Compared with the traditional fertilization plots, the variable rate fertilization technology can reduce the input and increase the yield under the condition of rational use of chemical fertilizer, and to a large extent, it can improve the yield of maize. The main research direction of this paper is to use GPS equipment to map the field plots to obtain the terrain boundary map, and to divide it into several grid areas automatically by the automatic decision system of maize variable fertilizer operation. Soil nutrient content report was obtained by sampling and sampling at the center of each unit. After analysis and treatment, the grid prescription map of variable-rate fertilization was drawn to realize the variable application of fertilizer. 2) SMS Basic mapping software was used. Combined with the final fertilizer application amount, the grid prescription map of variable rate fertilization was made, and the actual operation of variable rate fertilizer seeder was controlled by computer in the field to meet the requirements of scientific and technological development and modernization of precision agriculture. The calculation of fertilizer application amount and the making of grid prescription chart of variable rate fertilization were combined by controlling variable rate fertilization control machine, and the purpose of the research was achieved. The results of field experiments show that the combination of GIS based automatic decision system of variable rate fertilization and GIS can meet the requirements of precision agriculture to achieve less fertilizer for maize and ensure yield.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513;S127

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 孫國祥;陳滿;汪小e，

本文編號：1829191