本文選題：堆肥 + 糞��； 參考：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2017年13期

【摘要】：為提高畜禽糞便堆肥效率和質(zhì)量,設(shè)計了一種超高溫預(yù)處理好氧堆肥工藝,并以雞糞和稻秸為原料,進(jìn)行了為期62 d的堆肥試驗(yàn)。設(shè)置了3個處理,即:高溫好氧堆肥(CK);超高溫(85℃)預(yù)處理4 h+高溫好氧堆肥(HPC);超高溫(85℃)預(yù)處理4 h+接種0.5%新鮮雞糞+高溫好氧堆肥(I-HPC)。監(jiān)測了堆體的溫度、含水率、pH值等參數(shù)的變化情況,并以C/N、可溶性有機(jī)碳(dissolved organic carbon,DOC)、銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮、腐殖化指數(shù)(humification index,HI)、種子發(fā)芽指數(shù)(germination index,GI)為指標(biāo)評價了堆肥腐熟度和質(zhì)量。結(jié)果表明,與CK相比,超高溫預(yù)處理可以提高后續(xù)堆料升溫速率和最高溫度、延長高溫期天數(shù)、縮短堆肥周期,I-HPC、HPC的最高溫度比CK分別高出13.6、12.8℃,≥50℃的天數(shù)分別比CK多3、2 d。但與HPC相比,接種新鮮雞糞并沒有加快后續(xù)堆肥進(jìn)程。超高溫預(yù)處理后,物料容重由0.81 g/cm~3下降為0.72 g/cm~3、pH值下降了1~2;而DOC質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)由106 g/kg上升到124 g/kg;總揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acids,TVFAs)、NH_4~+-N質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)分別為預(yù)處理前的3.2倍、2.45倍。HPC、I-HPC堆體有機(jī)質(zhì)降解速率常數(shù)分別為0.0501、0.0534 d-1,比CK(0.00143 d-1)大,因此,HPC、I-HPC堆肥產(chǎn)品的TOC質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)(182.1、192.1 g/kg)分別比CK(205.3 g/kg)低;TN質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)(19.70、21.28 g/kg)比CK(17.96 g/kg)高;腐殖化指數(shù)(0.77、0.71)比CK(0.64)高。但HPC、I-HPC堆肥產(chǎn)品之間TN質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、腐殖化指數(shù)無顯著差異。因此,超高溫預(yù)處理好氧堆肥法能明顯縮短堆肥周期、提高堆肥產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,具有較大的應(yīng)用潛力。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the composting efficiency and quality of livestock and poultry manure, an ultra-high temperature pretreatment aerobic composting process was designed, and a 62 day composting experiment was carried out using chicken manure and rice straw as raw materials. Three treatments were set up, namely: high temperature aerobic compost CKP; ultra high temperature 85 鈩，

本文編號：1817864