本文選題：香蕉 + 控釋肥　； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為深入地了解控釋肥和堿性肥在香蕉栽培管理中應(yīng)用的可行性,并建立適合香蕉高效生產(chǎn)的施肥體系,為今后香蕉高產(chǎn)栽培以及新型肥料的研發(fā)提供理論依據(jù),本試驗(yàn)采用桂蕉6號(hào)為材料,以等量肥料養(yǎng)分為原則,設(shè)置四種不同施肥處理,分別為A(100%量控釋肥)、B(50%量控釋肥+50%量常規(guī)肥)、C(堿性肥)、CK(常規(guī)肥),進(jìn)行了在不同施肥方法條件下對(duì)香蕉生長(zhǎng)中期至孕蕾期植株形態(tài)、土壤養(yǎng)分含量、葉片營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素、生理特性和產(chǎn)量不同效應(yīng)的研究。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:1、在農(nóng)藝性狀方面,相比常規(guī)施肥,施肥方法A顯著提高了香蕉產(chǎn)量,增產(chǎn)11.93%,施肥方法B增產(chǎn)6.80%,施肥方法C減產(chǎn)0.45%,兩者效果均不顯著;施肥方法A更有利于香蕉植株生長(zhǎng)中期和孕蕾期的生長(zhǎng),其中,顯著提高了香蕉兩個(gè)時(shí)期株高高度,分別增高:12.32%、10.68%,以及顯著提高了兩個(gè)時(shí)期莖粗粗度,分別增粗:17.25%、15.72%;施肥方法B、C對(duì)香蕉株高、莖粗的影響不明顯;三種施肥方法對(duì)香蕉果指外觀品質(zhì)影響均不顯著。2、在土壤養(yǎng)分方面,相比常規(guī)施肥,施肥方法A有效維持了香蕉生長(zhǎng)中期(6月)土壤中速效氮、磷、鉀含量,增幅分別為:123.85%、126.89%、172.68%,效果顯著;有效維持了孕蕾期速效鉀含量,增幅為:25.49%,效果顯著。施肥方法B、C對(duì)各時(shí)期對(duì)土壤中速效養(yǎng)分的影響效果均不明顯。3、在葉片營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素方面,相比常規(guī)施肥,施肥方法A顯著提高了香蕉生長(zhǎng)孕蕾期葉片全氮含量,增幅為:3.50%;同時(shí),顯著提高了香蕉生長(zhǎng)中期(6月)和孕蕾期葉片全鉀含量,增幅分別為:5.89%、7.68%;施肥方法B對(duì)香蕉營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素的影響不明顯;施肥方法C顯著提高了香蕉生長(zhǎng)中期(6月)至孕蕾期葉片全氮含量,增幅分別為:9.12%、8.55%、14.76%。4、在葉片生理特性方面,相比常規(guī)施肥,施肥方法A顯著提高了香蕉孕蕾期葉片葉綠素含量和可溶性糖含量,增幅分別為:3.66%、0.945%,此外,顯著提高了香蕉生長(zhǎng)中期葉片凈光合速率、胞間二氧化碳濃度、氣孔導(dǎo)度,增幅分別為:19.98%、30.49%、23.10%,還顯著提高了香蕉孕蕾期蒸騰速率,增幅為:16.05%。施肥方法B、C對(duì)香蕉各生理特性的影響不明顯。5、在各指標(biāo)與產(chǎn)量的相關(guān)性方面,產(chǎn)量與土壤速效養(yǎng)分、葉片全氮、葉片全鉀、葉片可溶性糖、凈光合速率、氣孔導(dǎo)度、胞間二氧化碳濃度、株高均呈顯著正相關(guān),與土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),而與其他指標(biāo)相關(guān)性不顯著。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the feasibility of the application of controlled-release fertilizer and alkaline fertilizer in banana cultivation and management, and to establish a fertilizer system suitable for banana high-efficiency production, the theoretical basis was provided for banana high-yield cultivation and the research and development of new fertilizer in the future. In this experiment, Guizao 6 was used as the material, and the principle of equal amount of fertilizer nutrients was used to set up four different fertilization treatments. The plant morphology, soil nutrient content and leaf nutrient elements of banana from the middle growth period to the budding stage were studied under different fertilization conditions under the condition of 100% An 100% controlled release fertilizer, 50% conventional release fertilizer, and 50% conventional fertilizer, respectively. Studies on different effects of physiological characteristics and yield. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, fertilization method A significantly increased banana yield, increased yield by 11.933%, increased yield by 6.80 by fertilization method B, and decreased yield by 0.45 by fertilization method C. The results of the experiment showed that fertilization method A significantly increased banana yield, increased yield by 11.933%, increased fertilizer yield by 6.80%, and fertilization method C decreased yield by 0.45%. Fertilization method A was more favorable to the growth of banana plants in the middle growth period and the bud pregnancy stage. Among them, the height of banana plant in the two periods was significantly increased, and the height of the plant was increased by 12.32 ~ 10.68%, respectively, and the diameter of the stem was significantly increased during the two periods. The effect of different fertilization methods on banana plant height and stem diameter was not obvious; the effect of three fertilization methods on the appearance quality of banana fruit index was not significant. 2. In soil nutrient application, compared with conventional fertilization, the three fertilization methods had no significant effect on the appearance and quality of banana fruit finger. Fertilization method A effectively maintained the contents of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil of the middle growing period of banana (June), with the increase of 1: 123.85 and 126.890.172.68, respectively, the effect was remarkable, and the available potassium content in the bud stage of pregnancy was maintained effectively, with the increase of: 25.49 and the effect was remarkable. The effect of fertilization on available nutrients in soil was not obvious. Compared with conventional fertilization, fertilization method A significantly increased the total nitrogen content of leaves in the growing bud stage of banana, the increase was 3.50%, and the effect of fertilization on the available nutrients in the soil was not obvious. At the same time, compared with the conventional fertilization, fertilization method A significantly increased the total nitrogen content of leaves in the growing bud stage of banana. The total potassium content of banana leaves in the middle growth period (June) and the budding stage was significantly increased by 7. 68%, respectively, while the effect of fertilization method B on the nutrient elements of banana was not obvious. Fertilization method C significantly increased the total nitrogen content of banana leaves from the middle growth period (June) to the budding stage, with the increase of 9. 9. 12% and 8. 55% and 14. 76. 4, respectively. Compared with the conventional fertilization, the physiological characteristics of the leaves were higher than that of the normal fertilization. Fertilization method A significantly increased the chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content of banana leaves at the stage of bud pregnancy, and increased the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and stomatal conductance of banana leaves in the middle growth period by 1: 3.66 and 0.945, respectively. The growth rates were respectively:: 19.98, 30.49 and 23.1010, respectively. The transpiration rate of banana during bud pregnancy was also increased significantly, with an increase of: 16.05. The effect of fertilization on physiological characteristics of banana was not obvious. 5. The correlation between yield and yield, total nitrogen, total potassium, soluble sugar, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, total nitrogen, leaf total potassium, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, leaf total nitrogen, leaf total potassium, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, total nitrogen, leaf total potassium, leaf soluble sugar, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. There was a significant positive correlation between intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and plant height, a significant negative correlation with soil organic matter, but no significant correlation with other indicators.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S668.1;S158

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