本文選題：牛糞 + 堆肥反應(yīng)裝置��； 參考：《塔里木大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來新疆畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛，正在向集約化、規(guī)模化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化方向發(fā)展，但同時也伴隨著大量的畜禽排泄物的產(chǎn)生，嚴(yán)重威脅人畜的生存健康和制約了社會的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步。因此，對畜禽糞便等廢棄物進(jìn)行有效地處理，對畜牧業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展和改善生態(tài)環(huán)境具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文將制備的棉稈木醋液施加到牛糞堆肥過程中，研究牛糞堆肥過程中Cu、Zn含量變化及鈍化的影響，為開發(fā)具有可再生性且安全經(jīng)濟的牛糞堆肥重金屬鈍化材料提供實踐參考。主要結(jié)論如下： （1）通過預(yù)試驗可知，堆肥后重金屬Cu和Zn的總量均是增加的，因此重金屬的總量不能作為鈍化效果的唯一指標(biāo)。 （2）通過單因素試驗可知，堆肥后DTPA提取態(tài)Cu和Zn的分配率均下降了，再次表明堆肥是有助于Cu和Zn的鈍化，且處理組的鈍化效果比對照組的鈍化效果顯著，當(dāng)木醋液添加比例為0.65%時，Cu和Zn的鈍化效果均達(dá)到最大，分別為21.72%和33.11%。對不同處理進(jìn)行擬合，結(jié)果顯示Cu的鈍化回歸方程為y=-0.4082x3+2.348x2+0.389x+7.609，決定系數(shù)為R2=0.959；同理，Zn的鈍化回歸方程為y=-0.5904x3+3.372x2+1.695x+8.956，決定系數(shù)為R2=0.978；表明木醋液對Cu和Zn的鈍化作用是高度相關(guān)的。 （3）均勻試驗設(shè)計結(jié)果顯示，當(dāng)木醋液添加比例為0.50%、含水量為40%和C/N比為40時，，重金屬Cu和Zn的鈍化效果達(dá)到最大值，分別為13.5%和30.2%。建立木醋液、含水量和C/N比條件下的多因素數(shù)學(xué)模型，Cu的鈍化預(yù)測模型為y Cu=15.4748+0.3524x A0.1100xB+0.0131xC， Zn的鈍化預(yù)測模型為y Zn=34.3512+11.0905xA0.2561x B0.0531xC，模型均達(dá)到精度要求。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the animal husbandry in Xinjiang is developing rapidly, which is developing towards the direction of intensive, large-scale and industrialization. However, it is also accompanied by the production of a large amount of livestock and poultry excreta, which seriously threatens the survival and health of human and livestock and restricts the development and progress of the society. Therefore, the effective treatment of animal manure and other wastes is of great practical significance to the sustainable development of animal husbandry and the improvement of ecological environment. In this paper, the cotton stalk wood vinegar was applied to the process of cow manure composting, and the effects of Cu Zn content and passivation during the process of cow manure composting were studied, which provided a practical reference for the development of heavy metal passivating materials of cattle manure compost with reproducibility and safety and economy. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the results of pre-test showed that the total amount of Cu and Zn increased after composting, so the total amount of heavy metals could not be used as the only index of passivation effect. (2) the results of single factor experiment showed that the distribution rate of Cu and Zn in DTPA was decreased after composting, which showed that compost was helpful to the passivation of Cu and Zn, and the passivation effect of the treatment group was more significant than that of the control group. When the ratio of wood vinegar was 0.65, the passivation effect of Cu and Zn reached the maximum, 21.72% and 33.11%, respectively. The results showed that the passivation regression equation of Cu was y=-0.4082x3 2.348x2 0.389x 7.609, and the determination coefficient was R2N 0.959. The passivation regression equation of y=-0.5904x3 3.372x2 1.695x 8.956 was y=-0.5904x3 3.372x2 1.695x 8.956, which indicated that the passivation effect of wood vinegar on Cu and Zn was highly correlated. The results of uniform experiment showed that when the ratio of wood vinegar was 0.50, the water content was 40% and the ratio of C / N was 40, the passivation effect of Cu and Zn reached the maximum value of 13.5% and 30.2%, respectively. Under the conditions of wood vinegar, water content and C / N ratio, the passivation prediction model of Cu is y Cu=15.4748 0.3524x A0.1100xB 0.0131xC, and the prediction model of Zn passivation is y Zn=34.3512 11.0905xA0.2561x B0.0531xC, which all meet the precision requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：塔里木大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S141.4

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本文編號：1786523