發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-19 06:39

  本文選題：土石山區(qū) + 土壤物理性質(zhì)　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究土石山區(qū)土壤水文特征是開展山坡水循環(huán)機(jī)理研究和進(jìn)行山區(qū)產(chǎn)匯流分析的前提和基礎(chǔ),不僅可以為山坡水文學(xué)的發(fā)展奠定理論基礎(chǔ),而且對山區(qū)區(qū)域環(huán)境治理具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,同時(shí)可以為太行山區(qū)水資源合理開發(fā)利用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。本研究以崇陵流域作為研究區(qū),通過野外試驗(yàn)和室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法,開展相關(guān)研究工作。詳細(xì)分析了研究區(qū)土壤物理性質(zhì)和水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)在植被、坡度條件下的變化規(guī)律及空間分布規(guī)律,土壤厚度和巖石風(fēng)化層厚度統(tǒng)計(jì)特性、相關(guān)性和變異性、空間分布規(guī)律,土壤含水量影響因素及其與土壤含水量的響應(yīng)關(guān)系。主要研究成果如下:(1)荊條、油松條件下土壤顆粒大小分布曲線相似;側(cè)柏、刺槐條件下土壤顆粒大小分布曲線相似;土壤容重、毛管孔隙度、隨著深度增加逐漸增大,而總孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度及滲透系數(shù)逐漸減小;隨著坡度增大,容重、毛管孔隙度逐漸增大,而總孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度逐漸減小;空間分布上,容重、非毛管孔隙度及滲透系數(shù)在中部花崗片麻巖地區(qū)最大,其他地區(qū)小,而毛管孔隙度和田間持水量在石灰?guī)r地區(qū)大,其他地區(qū)相對較小;(2)基于地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)研究方法,分析了流域土壤厚度及巖石風(fēng)化層厚度影響因素、統(tǒng)計(jì)特征、變化趨勢、空間相關(guān)與變異性及空間分布規(guī)律;土壤厚度數(shù)據(jù)樣本和巖石風(fēng)化層厚度數(shù)據(jù)樣本具有中等變異特性;土壤厚度和巖石風(fēng)化層厚度最優(yōu)半變異函數(shù)模型均為指數(shù)函數(shù)模型;在東西方向上,土壤厚度擬合曲線為倒U型,巖石風(fēng)化層厚度擬合曲線為指數(shù)型,在南北方向上,土壤厚度擬合曲線為冪函數(shù)型,而巖石風(fēng)化層厚度擬合曲線為倒U型;土壤厚度具有強(qiáng)空間相關(guān)性,而巖石風(fēng)化層厚度具有中等強(qiáng)度相關(guān)性;在空間分布上,土壤厚度從西北部向東南部逐漸增大,而巖石風(fēng)化層厚度則相反;(3)松林小區(qū)土壤含水量隨著深度增加逐漸增大,荒坡小區(qū)土壤含水量隨著深度增加先減小后增大,土壤含水量與降水量呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,隨著降水量增加土壤含水量逐漸增大;土壤含水量低于凋萎系數(shù)時(shí),氣溫對土壤含水量影響較小,土壤含水量高于凋萎系數(shù)時(shí),隨著氣溫升高土壤含水量逐漸增大,氣溫對土壤含水量的影響強(qiáng)于降水。
[Abstract]:The study of soil hydrological characteristics in earth-rock mountain areas is the premise and foundation for the study of the mechanism of hillside water cycle and the analysis of runoff yield and confluence in mountainous areas, which can not only lay a theoretical foundation for the development of hillside hydrology.Moreover, it has important theoretical and practical significance for regional environmental management in mountainous areas, and can provide scientific basis for the rational development and utilization of water resources in Taihang Mountain area.In this study, Chongling Watershed was taken as the research area, and related research work was carried out through the combination of field test and laboratory test.The variation and spatial distribution of soil physical properties and hydrodynamic parameters under vegetation and slope conditions, the statistical characteristics of soil thickness and rock weathering layer thickness, the correlation and variability, and the spatial distribution law of soil physical properties and hydrodynamic parameters in the study area were analyzed in detail.Influencing factors of soil moisture content and its response to soil moisture content.The main research results are as follows: the distribution curve of soil particle size under Pinus tabulaeformis is similar; that of Platycladus orientalis and Robinia pseudoacacia is similar; the soil bulk density and capillary porosity increase with the increase of depth.However, the total porosity, non-capillary porosity and permeability coefficient gradually decreased; with the slope increasing, the bulk density gradually increased, while the total porosity and non-capillary porosity gradually decreased.The non-capillary porosity and permeability coefficient were the largest in the central granitic gneiss area and small in other areas, while the capillary porosity and field water holding capacity were large in the limestone area and relatively small in other areas.The influencing factors of soil thickness and rock weathering layer thickness, statistical characteristics, variation trend, spatial correlation and variability and spatial distribution law are analyzed, and the soil thickness data sample and rock weathering layer thickness data sample have medium variation characteristics.The optimum semi-variogram model of soil thickness and rock weathering layer thickness is exponential function model, in east-west direction, the fitting curve of soil thickness is inverted U type, the fitting curve of rock weathering layer thickness is exponential type, and in the north and south direction, the fitting curve of soil thickness is inverted U type.The fitting curve of soil thickness is power function type, while the fitting curve of rock weathering layer thickness is inverted U type, the soil thickness has strong spatial correlation, while the thickness of rock weathering layer has moderate intensity correlation.The thickness of soil increased gradually from northwest to southeast, but the thickness of rock weathering layer increased with the increase of depth, and the soil water content of barren slope decreased first and then increased with the increase of depth.There was a positive correlation between soil water content and precipitation. When soil moisture content was lower than wilting coefficient, temperature had little effect on soil water content, and soil water content was higher than wilting coefficient.The effect of air temperature on soil water content is stronger than that of precipitation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S714

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本文編號：1771989