本文選題：土壤納米顆粒 + 粘土礦物��； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：不同地帶性土壤納米顆粒的礦物組成存在很大的差異,研究納米顆粒的粘粒礦物組成,對(duì)揭示土壤的成土過程和演化特點(diǎn)有重要意義。本文以四種不同地帶性土壤(磚紅壤、紅壤、黃褐土和棕壤)B層土壤為研究對(duì)象,在分離出土壤中450-2000和100-450 nm的顆粒后,采用納米粒子超過濾器(AUD)分離其無機(jī)納米顆粒(25-100 nm),采用同步輻射X射線衍射(XRD)等手段對(duì)不同粒徑的顆粒進(jìn)行分析,研究不同地帶性土壤納米顆粒的粘粒礦物組成、元素組成、表面特性、形貌特征等,探討地帶性土壤不同粒徑顆粒中的礦物類型與組合。以揭示粘粒礦物在土壤納米顆粒中的地帶性轉(zhuǎn)化、明晰土壤成土過程中的物質(zhì)演化特點(diǎn)。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)由北到南,土壤中2:1型粘粒礦物的含量逐漸減少,而1:1型粘粒礦物和鐵氧化物的含量逐漸增加,并出現(xiàn)三水鋁石。紅壤和磚紅壤的主要礦物是高嶺石,還存在少量的伊利石,磚紅壤中還有1.4nm過渡礦物和三水鋁石;棕壤和黃褐土的主要礦物是伊利石,還含有蛭石和的高嶺石。(2)隨著土壤粒徑的減小,供試土壤顆粒中粘粒礦物呈現(xiàn)出由2:1型向1:1型轉(zhuǎn)變的趨勢(shì)。在納米顆粒中1.4納米礦物減少,三水鋁石和石英消失,磚紅壤和紅壤的納米顆粒(25-100nm)主要由高嶺石組成。黃褐土和棕壤主要由伊利石組成,同時(shí)含有少量高嶺石。(3)隨著土壤粒徑的減小,供試土壤顆粒中Al2O3和Fe2O3含量增加,SiO2含量降低,硅鋁率和硅鋁鐵率下降,鐵的游離度均隨著粒徑的減少先增加后減少。在同一粒徑不同土壤顆粒中,磚紅壤中Fe2O3的含量比其他土壤更高,而SiO2的則更低。磚紅壤和紅壤的硅鋁率和硅鋁鐵率比黃褐土和棕壤的低一些。而鐵的游離度則相反,磚紅壤和紅壤鐵的游離度比黃褐土和棕壤更高。(4)不同粒徑的土壤顆粒具有不同的形態(tài)和性質(zhì)。土壤顆粒主要呈球形、棒形和片狀等形狀。磚紅壤和棕壤的Zeta值先減小后增大,紅壤的先增大后減小,黃褐土則是一直增大。同一粒徑不同土壤顆粒比較,棕壤和黃褐土的Zeta值低于磚紅壤和紅壤的。
[Abstract]:Different areas of soil mineral particles there are great differences between the composition of clay minerals, nanoparticles, plays an important role in soil formation and evolution characteristics of soil. This paper reveals into four different zonal soils (latosol, red soil, yellow cinnamon soil and brown soil layer B) as the research object, in the separation out of 450-2000 soil and 100-450 nm particles, using ultra filter nanoparticles (AUD) separation of the inorganic nano particles (25-100 nm), using synchrotron radiation X ray diffraction (XRD) of different size particles were analyzed, the clay minerals of different zonal soil nanoparticles composed of elements. The surface properties, morphology, mineral type and combination of zonal soil particles with different diameters in. In order to reveal the clay minerals in the soil zone in the nanoparticles into clear soil in the process of The evolution of quality characteristics. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) from north to south, the content of 2:1 clay minerals in the soil decreased gradually, while the content of 1:1 clay minerals and iron oxide increased gradually, and the emergence of gibbsite. The main mineral lateritic red soil and is also the presence of a small amount of kaolinite, illite, brick in the red soil and 1.4nm mineral and gibbsite minerals; mainly brown soil and yellow cinnamon soil are illite, vermiculite and kaolinite. Also contains (2) with the decrease of soil particle size and clay mineral soil particles showed a change from 2:1 type to 1:1 type trend. 1.4 reduction in nano nano minerals particles, gibbsite and quartz particles disappear, laterite and red soil (25-100nm) is mainly composed of kaolin. The Yellow Cinnamon Soil and brown soil is mainly composed of illite, kaolinite and small amount. (3) with soil particle size decreases, the soil particles in A Increased l2O3 and Fe2O3 content, decreased the content of SiO2, Si / Al and Si Al Fe decreased, iron free degree increased with the decrease of the particle size increased first and then decreased. In the same soil particles with different particle size, the content of Fe2O3 in the Latosol is higher than other soil, while SiO2 is lower brick. Red soil and red soil of Si / Al and Si Al Fe ratio in yellow cinnamon soil and brown soil is low. And the free degree of iron in Latosol red soil and iron free degree higher than the Yellow Cinnamon Soil and brown soil. (4) the soil particles of different sizes with morphology and properties of different soil particles. Spherical, rod shaped and flake shape. The brick red soil and brown soil Zeta value decreased first and then increased, soil increased first and then decreased, cinnamon soil has been increased. The same size of different soil particles, brown soil and yellow cinnamon soil Zeta value is lower than the brick red soil and red soil.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S151

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