本文選題：稻田—田埂過(guò)渡區(qū) + 飽和導(dǎo)水率�。� 參考：《水土保持學(xué)報(bào)》2017年02期

【摘要】：為揭示田埂對(duì)稻田水分滲漏的影響,以江漢平原典型稻田—田埂過(guò)渡區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,采用室內(nèi)土壤理化性質(zhì)分析、水力學(xué)參數(shù)測(cè)定和田間染色示蹤等方法量化了過(guò)渡區(qū)各位點(diǎn)(田內(nèi)、田埂和灌溉溝)土壤剖面導(dǎo)水與持水性能差異,并揭示了該區(qū)域的水流特征。結(jié)果表明:(1)不同位點(diǎn)的土壤飽和導(dǎo)水率(Ks)均隨土層深度的增加而減小,上層(-20—35cm)高于中、下層(35—65cm),剖面導(dǎo)水性能表現(xiàn)為田埂灌溉溝田內(nèi),田埂平均Ks分別是灌溉溝和田內(nèi)的1.6倍和16.0倍;(2)同一吸力值下不同位點(diǎn)土壤含水量差異較大,田內(nèi)含水量最高,灌溉溝其次,田埂最低,在持水性能上表現(xiàn)為田內(nèi)灌溉溝田埂;(3)田埂土壤受動(dòng)物活動(dòng)和根系生長(zhǎng)影響劇烈,導(dǎo)致其大孔隙(當(dāng)量孔徑0.3mm)含量整體上高于田內(nèi),在染色特征上表現(xiàn)為田埂中、下層土壤染色面積顯著高于田內(nèi)。由于稻田-田埂過(guò)渡區(qū)不同位點(diǎn)土壤的導(dǎo)水和持水能力差異顯著,稻田水分不僅可以在田內(nèi)發(fā)生垂直滲漏,還可以通過(guò)田埂區(qū)域垂直入滲和跨田埂側(cè)流兩種方式快速流失,進(jìn)而加速了稻田水分的散失。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the effect of field ridge on water leakage in paddy field, a typical paddy field-ridge transition area in Jianghan plain was studied and the physical and chemical properties of soil were analyzed.The difference of water conductivity and water retention in soil profile of transition area (field, ridge and irrigation ditch) was quantified by means of hydraulic parameter measurement and field dyeing tracing, and the characteristics of water flow in this area were revealed.The average Ks of the ridge is 1.6 times and 16.0 times of the irrigation ditch and 16.0 times of the field respectively) the difference of soil water content at different sites under the same suction value is greater, the water content in the field is the highest, the irrigation ditch is the second, and the ridge is the lowest.In water holding capacity, the soil was affected by animal activity and root growth, and the content of macropore (equivalent aperture 0.3 mm) was higher than that in the field, and the dyed characteristic was in the ridge of the field, the water holding capacity of the soil was as follows: the soil was affected by animal activity and root growth, and the content of macropore (equivalent pore diameter was 0.3 mm) was higher than that in the field.The dyeing area of the lower soil was significantly higher than that of the field.Because of the significant difference of soil water conductivity and water holding capacity in different sites in the transition area between paddy field and field ridge, the water content in paddy field can not only be perpendicular to the field, but also be rapidly lost through vertical infiltration in the field ridge area and lateral flow across the field ridge.This accelerates the loss of paddy water.
【作者單位】： 地理過(guò)程分析與模擬湖北省重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;華中師范大學(xué)城市與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(41601215) 湖北省自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(2015CFA141) 華中師范大學(xué)中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)項(xiàng)目(CCNU16A05015,CCNU15A05002)
【分類號(hào)】：S152.7

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