發(fā)布時間：2018-04-10 19:53

  本文選題：土地復墾 + 理化性質　； 參考：《內蒙古農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：內蒙古霍林河煤礦是大型國有煤炭企業(yè),已有30多年的開采歷史,為國家和地方經濟發(fā)展做出了重要的貢獻。從20世紀90年代開始進行礦區(qū)土地復墾工作,取得了明顯成效。本文以霍林河露天煤礦不同時段、不同地點的復墾區(qū)為研究對象,通過野外調查、定點取樣和室內分析,對復墾土地的土壤理化性質進行系統(tǒng)研究,主要研究結論如下：(1)與對照區(qū)相比,研究區(qū)排土場平臺的容重、砂粒含量、PH值、速效鉀明顯增加,粘粒含量、有機質、速效磷、堿解氮明顯減少。排土場邊坡的砂粒含量、PH值、速效鉀有所增加,粘粒含量、有機質、速效磷、堿解氮有所降低,邊坡容重值變化不明顯。隨著剖面深度的逐步加大,土壤有機質、堿解氮、速效磷、砂粒含量表現(xiàn)為逐漸減小的趨勢,土壤PH值、容重、速效鉀、粘粒含量則呈上升趨勢。(2)隨復墾年限的增加,復墾土壤容重、PH值、速效鉀、砂粒含量逐漸降低,堿解氮、有機質、速效磷含量逐漸升高。表明礦區(qū)復墾初見成效,土壤開始熟化,土壤質量有所提高。(3)復墾1-3年時間段內,土壤表層堿解氮、有機質、速效磷、黏粒含量增速明顯,PH值、容重、速效鉀、砂粒含量降幅較大。復墾3-10年時間段內,土壤表層堿解氮、有機質、速效磷、黏粒含量增速變緩,PH值、容重、速效鉀、砂粒含量降幅不大。結果表明在復墾初期土壤主要理化性質指標變化較大,復墾效果較為顯著,隨復墾時間增長,土壤主要理化性質指標的變化趨于緩和：復墾10年的土地,各指標值仍與對照區(qū)有較大差距。
[Abstract]:Huolinhe Coal Mine is a large state-owned coal enterprise in Inner Mongolia. It has been exploited for more than 30 years and has made important contributions to the development of national and local economy.Land reclamation in mining area has been carried out since 1990's, and obvious results have been achieved.In this paper, the soil physical and chemical properties of reclaimed land in Huolinhe opencast coal mine were systematically studied by field investigation, fixed spot sampling and indoor analysis.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) compared with the control area, the bulk density, sand content, available potassium, clay content, organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of the dump platform in the study area were obviously increased.The sand content, available potassium, organic matter, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of the dump slope decreased, but the bulk density of the slope did not change obviously.The soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and sand content decreased gradually with increasing depth of soil profile, and the soil PH value, bulk density, available potassium and clay content increased with the increase of reclamation years.The PH value, available potassium and sand content of reclaimed soil decreased gradually, while the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus increased gradually.The results showed that the soil began to mature and the soil quality was improved during the period of 1-3 years. In the period of 1-3 years, soil surface alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, clay content increased obviously PH value, bulk density, available potassium.Sand content decreased greatly.In the period of 3-10 years, the soil surface alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, clay content increased slowly and PH value, bulk density, available potassium and sand content decreased little.The results showed that the main physical and chemical properties of soil changed greatly in the early stage of reclamation, and the effect of reclamation was obvious. With the increase of reclamation time, the change of main physical and chemical properties of soil tended to moderate: land reclaimed for 10 years.There is still a big gap between each index value and the control area.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S153;TD88

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