本文選題：崩崗　切入點(diǎn)：土壤剝蝕率　出處：《土壤學(xué)報(bào)》2017年03期

【摘要】：土壤剝蝕率是單位時(shí)間單位面積水流剝蝕土壤的質(zhì)量,定量研究崩崗不同土層土壤剝蝕率對(duì)預(yù)測(cè)土壤剝蝕過程及建立崩崗侵蝕物理模型具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。針對(duì)湖北通城花崗巖崩崗區(qū)發(fā)育的表土層、紅土層、砂土層、碎屑層,采用不同坡度(8.8%、17.6%、26.8%、36.4%、46.6%)和不同流量(0.2 Ls~(-1)、0.4 Ls~(-1)、0.6 Ls~(-1)、0.8 Ls~(-1)、1.0 Ls~(-1))相結(jié)合的室內(nèi)放水沖刷試驗(yàn),分析表土層、紅土層、砂土層、碎屑層土體土壤剝蝕率與水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,初步探討花崗巖崩崗侵蝕的水動(dòng)力學(xué)機(jī)制。結(jié)果表明:在一定坡度條件下,土壤剝蝕率隨徑流流量的增大而增大,且各土層土壤剝蝕率存在很大差異,碎屑層土壤剝蝕率最大,砂土層次之,表土層最小;在相同流量條件下,各土層土壤剝蝕率均隨沖刷時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)逐漸降低并趨于穩(wěn)定;徑流剪切力、水流功率對(duì)崩崗各土層土壤剝蝕率的影響均可采用線性方程很好地描述(R~20.926),相比用單位水流功率擬合的多項(xiàng)式方程的相關(guān)性(R0.830)要高,徑流剪切力和水流功率均可作為描述崩崗各土層土壤侵蝕的水動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)。表土層、紅土層、砂土層、碎屑層的臨界徑流剪切力依次減小,分別為0.28Pa、0.13Pa、0.10Pa、0.07Pa,各土層土壤細(xì)溝可蝕性參數(shù)差異明顯,碎屑層的最大,砂土層次之,表土層最小。因此,在崩崗垂直結(jié)構(gòu)上,隨著土層深度的增加,土體抵抗徑流剝蝕的能力逐漸減弱。
[Abstract]:Soil denudation rate is the quality of water erosion soil per unit area of time. The quantitative study of soil erosion rate in different soil layers is of great theoretical and practical significance in predicting soil denudation process and establishing physical models of collapse erosion.The relationship between soil denudation rate and hydrodynamic parameters of clastic soil is discussed, and the hydrodynamic mechanism of granite collapse erosion is discussed.The results show that the soil erosion rate increases with the increase of runoff flow under certain slope condition, and there are great differences in soil erosion rate among different soil layers, the soil erosion rate of clastic layer is the largest, the sand layer is the smallest, and the top soil layer is the smallest.Under the same flow rate, the erosion rate of each soil layer decreases gradually with the extension of scouring time and tends to be stable.The effect of water power on soil erosion rate in various soil layers can be described by linear equation, which is higher than that of polynomial equation fitted by unit water power.Runoff shear stress and flow power can be used as hydrodynamic parameters to describe soil erosion in various soil layers.The critical runoff shear stress of the top layer, red soil layer, sand layer and clastic layer decreases in turn, which is 0.28 Pa0.13 Pa0.10 Pa0.07Pa. the erodibility parameters of each soil layer are obviously different, the maximum of the clastic layer, the minimum of the sand layer, and the minimum of the top layer.Therefore, with the increase of soil depth, the ability of soil to resist runoff erosion decreases gradually in the vertical structure of caving.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;農(nóng)業(yè)部長(zhǎng)江中下游耕地保育重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41571258)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S157.1

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 王龍生;蔡強(qiáng)國(guó);蔡崇法;孫莉英;;黃土坡面發(fā)育平穩(wěn)的細(xì)溝流水動(dòng)力學(xué)特性[J];地理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2014年08期

2 劉紀(jì)根;彭海峰;陳展鵬;張平倉;;PAM對(duì)擾動(dòng)紅壤水動(dòng)力學(xué)過程的影響研究[J];長(zhǎng)江科學(xué)院院報(bào);2010年11期

3 魏霞;李勛貴;李占斌;沈冰;;黃土高原坡溝系統(tǒng)徑流水動(dòng)力學(xué)特性試驗(yàn)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2009年10期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李坡;基于SPAC系統(tǒng)的水動(dòng)力學(xué)建模及應(yīng)用研究[D];太原科技大學(xué);2014年

2 余永富;土壤—作物系統(tǒng)水動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)值模擬[D];浙江大學(xué);2016年

，

本文編號(hào)：1722144