發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-03 23:05

  本文選題：養(yǎng)豬廢水　切入點(diǎn)：微氧系統(tǒng)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：干清糞養(yǎng)豬廢水具有高氨氮、低碳氮比(C/N比)的特征,采用常規(guī)的生物脫氮工藝對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理,效率低、成本高。基于微氧條件下好氧和厭氧微生物共存的技術(shù)思想,在前期研究中開發(fā)出了用于處理干清糞養(yǎng)豬廢水的升流式微氧污泥床反應(yīng)器(UMSR)和升流式微氧生物膜反應(yīng)器(UMBR),實(shí)現(xiàn)了以短程硝化反硝化和厭氧氨氧化為主的高效脫氮。為進(jìn)一步提高微氧生物處理系統(tǒng)的效能,降低處理成本,本文從進(jìn)水C/N比的調(diào)控、降低處理溫度和出水回流比,以及適當(dāng)排泥等方面研究了保證UMSR高效穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的調(diào)控方法,并探討了HRT改變對(duì)UMBR處理效能的影響,為高氨氮低碳氮比養(yǎng)豬廢水微氧處理技術(shù)的工程應(yīng)用提供指導(dǎo)和設(shè)計(jì)與運(yùn)行控制參數(shù)。養(yǎng)豬廢水水質(zhì)隨季節(jié)、生產(chǎn)周期變化波動(dòng)較大,COD/TN比在1.0~3.5之間變化。欲使UMSR獲得較為理想的脫氮效能,需要將進(jìn)水的COD/TN比控制在1.0以下。為此,本研究在微氧生物處理系統(tǒng)之前,增設(shè)了序批式式活性污泥反應(yīng)器(SBR),通過污泥去除負(fù)荷的控制,可對(duì)干清糞養(yǎng)豬廢水的C/N比進(jìn)行有效調(diào)節(jié)。對(duì)于COD為300~600 mg/L、COD/TN比為1.5~2.0的養(yǎng)豬廢水,適宜的污泥去除負(fù)荷為1.4~1.6 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d);對(duì)于COD為700~1000 mg/L、COD/TN比為2.5~3.5的養(yǎng)豬廢水,SBR的污泥去除負(fù)荷應(yīng)控制在2.0~2.3kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d)。工程應(yīng)用中,可根據(jù)干清糞養(yǎng)豬廢水初始水質(zhì)、SBR系統(tǒng)內(nèi)生物量、活性等數(shù)據(jù),確定合理的預(yù)處理調(diào)控方案。降低溫度的調(diào)控運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明,水溫的降低會(huì)影響UMSR的脫氮效能,但并不會(huì)顯著改變系統(tǒng)的脫氮機(jī)制。在HRT 8 h、出水回流比45:1、溫度不低于17℃的條件下,UMSR的出水COD、NH_4~+-N和TN濃度均能滿足《畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB18596-2001)。適量排泥可強(qiáng)化UMSR系統(tǒng)的傳質(zhì)效能,降低水溫降低對(duì)UMSR系統(tǒng)處理效能的影響程度,但污泥上浮現(xiàn)象仍然存在,系統(tǒng)的脫氮效能難以保證。降低出水回流比,同時(shí)提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行溫度,有利于脫氮功能菌群的富集生長、改善甚至避免污泥上浮和流失,使UMSR系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)良好的脫氮性能。UMBR的HRT調(diào)控運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明,在溫度25℃、出水回流比25:1、HRT不低于8 h的條件下,UMBR對(duì)NH_4~+-N和TN去除率均可保持在83%以上,出水污染物濃度可滿足GB18596-2001的要求。填料的布設(shè),使UMBR有了較高的生物量持有能力,但脫氮性能不夠理想,其運(yùn)行控制條件有待進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Dry clear manure wastewater has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen, low C / N ratio and low C / N ratio. It is treated by conventional biological nitrogen removal process with low efficiency and high cost.Based on the coexistence of aerobic and anaerobic microbes under microaerobic conditions,UMSRs and UMBRN were developed for treatment of dry manure and pig wastewater in the early stage, and high efficiency denitrification was realized mainly by short-cut nitrification and denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation. The UMSRs and UMSRs were used in the treatment of pig wastewater from dry and clean faeces, and UMSRs and UMSRs were developed in UMSRs and UMBRN biofilm reactors.In order to further improve the efficiency of the micro-oxygen biological treatment system and reduce the treatment cost, this paper studies the control methods to ensure the efficient and stable operation of UMSR from the aspects of the control of influent C / N ratio, the reduction of treatment temperature and effluent reflux ratio, and the proper discharge of sludge.The effect of HRT change on the treatment efficiency of UMBR was discussed, which provided guidance, design and operation control parameters for the engineering application of micro-oxygen treatment technology for pig wastewater with high ammonia-nitrogen and low carbon-nitrogen ratio.The water quality of pig wastewater fluctuates greatly with the seasons, and the ratio of COD / TN varies between 1.0 and 3.5.In order to obtain ideal denitrification efficiency of UMSR, the influent COD/TN ratio should be controlled below 1.0.For this reason, before the micro-oxygen biological treatment system, the sequencing batch activated sludge reactor (SBRN) was added. By controlling the sludge removal load, the C / N ratio of dry clear manure pig wastewater could be adjusted effectively.瀵逛簬COD涓，

本文編號(hào)：1707299