本文選題：氣候變暖　切入點(diǎn)：影響　出處：《生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)報》2017年09期

【摘要】：以全球氣候變暖和區(qū)域降水變率增加為主的氣候變化給農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人類食品安全帶來嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。認(rèn)識氣候變化對農(nóng)業(yè)的影響,提出科學(xué)的技術(shù)對策,是應(yīng)對氣候變化的基礎(chǔ)�；谖鞅�5省區(qū)氣象觀測資料,分析西北地區(qū)近52年(1961—2012年)氣候時域趨勢變化和空間分布特征,對比討論了氣候變化對西北農(nóng)業(yè)的主要影響,提出了西北旱作農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)對氣候變化的適應(yīng)技術(shù)對策。結(jié)果表明,近52年來,西北區(qū)域氣溫呈顯著上升趨勢,氣溫變化傾向率為0.312℃/10 a,從20世紀(jì)70年代開始?xì)鉁爻掷m(xù)上升,氣候變暖的突變點(diǎn)在1991年。西北區(qū)域降水量趨勢變化空間差異明顯,以黃河沿線為界,黃河以西區(qū)域降水量呈增多趨勢,黃河以東區(qū)域呈減少趨勢,并且降水量減少的幅度明顯高于增加的幅度。氣候變暖對農(nóng)作物生長生育、植物形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)量形成及品質(zhì)等生理生化過程產(chǎn)生重大影響,對作物種植結(jié)構(gòu)、栽培方式、種植制度,農(nóng)田耕作層土壤生態(tài)環(huán)境等也產(chǎn)生了重大影響。要通過優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)整作物種植制度、改進(jìn)作物栽培方式、改良作物品種、加強(qiáng)水肥系統(tǒng)協(xié)調(diào)管理等技術(shù)措施來適應(yīng)氣候變化。科學(xué)開發(fā)利用氣候資源,減緩氣候變暖的不利影響,積極應(yīng)對全球氣候變化。
[Abstract]:Climate change, which is dominated by global climate change and increasing regional precipitation change rate, brings severe challenges to agricultural production and human food safety. The impacts of climate change on agriculture are recognized, and scientific and technical countermeasures are put forward. Based on the meteorological observation data of 5 provinces in Northwest China, the temporal trend change and spatial distribution of climate in Northwest China from 1961 to 2012 were analyzed, and the main impacts of climate change on northwest agriculture were compared and discussed. This paper puts forward the countermeasures of adapting to climate change in arid farming in Northwest China. The results show that the temperature in Northwest China has been rising significantly in the past 52 years, and the tendency of temperature change is 0.312 鈩，

本文編號：1696296