本文選題：轉(zhuǎn)基因作物　切入點(diǎn)：種植審批制度　出處：《中國生物工程雜志》2017年08期

【摘要】："十三五"國家科技創(chuàng)新規(guī)劃提出的"推進(jìn)新型抗蟲棉、抗蟲玉米、抗除草劑大豆等重大產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)化",給轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的種植管理提出了考驗(yàn)。由于商業(yè)化種植的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種類少,且不包括糧食作物,我國在轉(zhuǎn)基因種植管理上經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。選取美國這一轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種植大國作為比較對象,對比兩國轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種植前審批程序、種植者的管理義務(wù)、減少轉(zhuǎn)基因作物與非轉(zhuǎn)基因作物混雜的管理手段三個方面的差異,認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的法律定性,知識產(chǎn)權(quán)制度和標(biāo)識制度,各方主體實(shí)施隔離措施、承擔(dān)損害的能力是差異生成的主要原因。我國宜結(jié)合國內(nèi)的農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境,在轉(zhuǎn)基因生物安全管理布局上著眼于實(shí)質(zhì)性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并由農(nóng)業(yè)主管部門、轉(zhuǎn)基因作物研發(fā)主體、轉(zhuǎn)基因作物種子經(jīng)營主體合力對種植者進(jìn)行指導(dǎo),以避免混雜帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)糾紛,并降低對生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響。
[Abstract]:The National Science and Technology Innovation Plan of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, "promoting new insect-resistant cotton and insect-resistant corn," The industrialization of major products, such as herbicide resistant soybeans, has put the management of genetically modified crops to the test. Because of the small number of genetically modified crops that are commercially grown and do not include food crops, China is inexperienced in the management of genetically modified crops. The United States, a large country of genetically modified crops, is chosen as the comparative object, and the management obligations of the growers are compared with the pre-planting approval procedures of the two countries. In order to reduce the differences in management methods between GM crops and non-GM crops, it is considered that the legal nature of GM crops, the system of intellectual property rights and the system of identification, and the isolation measures implemented by all parties, The ability to bear the damage is the main cause of the difference. In our country, we should combine the domestic agricultural environment, focus on the substantial risks in the distribution of genetically modified biosafety management, and let the competent agricultural department, the main body of research and development of genetically modified crops, In order to avoid the economic disputes and reduce the impact on the ecological environment, the main body of seed management of genetically modified crops can guide the growers.
【作者單位】： 華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);
【基金】：國家轉(zhuǎn)基因生物新品種培育科技重大專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(2016ZX08001001)
【分類號】：S188
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本文編號：1691651