本文選題：應(yīng)用氣象學(xué)　切入點：低溫霜凍　出處：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年02期

【摘要】：利用1954—2015年麗水冬季、春季逐日氣溫觀測資料以及2001—2015年麗水市農(nóng)業(yè)局茶葉站資料,根據(jù)茶葉低溫凍害的氣象災(zāi)害指標,統(tǒng)計麗水茶葉低溫凍害的發(fā)生發(fā)展情況,并采用多尺度趨勢等方法分別從年、月尺度分析低溫凍害的氣候變化特征,利用相關(guān)分析等統(tǒng)計方法研究麗水低溫凍害對春茶始采日的影響。結(jié)果表明:近62 a來,1月發(fā)生冬季凍害的頻次最高;2月發(fā)生早春霜凍的概率最高,2月茶葉發(fā)生輕度、中度和重度早春霜凍的年平均日數(shù)分別達到4.8 d、3.9 d和3.9 d。早春霜凍日數(shù)呈顯著遞減趨勢,氣候傾向率為每10 a減少1.3 d;極端最低氣溫呈增加趨勢,約每10 a升高0.3℃。3種早春霜凍等級,以輕度霜凍為主,占霜凍總?cè)諗?shù)的53.8%,中度霜凍和重度霜凍日數(shù)分別只占霜凍總?cè)諗?shù)的27.4%和18.8%。低溫霜凍對春茶采摘的影響,主要以早春霜凍為主,且以輕度霜凍對始采日的影響最顯著,霜凍日數(shù)與春茶始采日呈正相關(guān),極端最低氣溫與始采日呈負相關(guān),即霜凍日數(shù)越多,氣溫越低,春茶達到萌芽的時間越長,始采日也相應(yīng)推遲。
[Abstract]:Based on the observation data of daily air temperature from 1954 to 2015 in Lishui winter and spring, and the data of tea station of Lishui City Agriculture Bureau from 2001 to 2015, the occurrence and development of low temperature freezing injury of Lishui tea were counted according to the meteorological disaster index of low temperature freeze injury of tea. The characteristics of climate change caused by low temperature and freezing injury were analyzed from year scale and month scale by means of multi-scale trend. The effect of low temperature freezing injury in Lishui on the beginning of spring tea harvest was studied by means of correlation analysis. The results showed that in recent 62 years, the frequency of winter frost injury in January was the highest, the probability of early spring frost in February was the highest, and that of tea in February was mild. The average annual days of moderate and severe early spring frost were 4.8 d / 3.9 d and 3.9 d respectively. The number of early spring frost days decreased significantly, the climatic tendency rate decreased 1.3 days per 10 years, and the extreme minimum temperature increased. The grade of early spring frost increased by 0.3 鈩，

本文編號：1687135