發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-26 08:06

  本文選題：日光溫室　切入點(diǎn)：蔬菜　出處：《中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年05期

【摘要】：以中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)曲周實(shí)驗(yàn)站始于2002年的日光溫室有機(jī)蔬菜長期定位試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),采用滲漏計(jì)裝置收集地下1 m深淋溶水,通過測定2014年春茬茄子與秋茬芹菜土壤淋溶水總氮、總磷和化學(xué)需氧量(COD),研究不同蔬菜種植模式(有機(jī)、綜合、常規(guī))下土壤養(yǎng)分淋失情況。結(jié)果表明:有機(jī)模式總氮淋失量兩茬蔬菜之和為137.02 kg·hm~(-2),分別比綜合和常規(guī)模式減少12.0%和25.9%;總磷淋失量兩茬蔬菜之和為18.23 kg·hm~(-2),分別比綜合和常規(guī)模式高51.2%和119.9%;淋溶水COD兩茬蔬菜之和為856.99 kg·hm~(-2),分別比綜合和常規(guī)模式高32.4%和3.1%。3種模式下不同時(shí)期淋溶水總氮、總磷與COD變化趨勢差異顯著。春茬茄子總氮淋失量前期維持在較高水平,追肥后出現(xiàn)峰值,之后迅速降低,進(jìn)入6月份后一直在較低水平波動(dòng);總磷淋失量變化相對平緩,呈先增加后減小的變化趨勢,6—7月間達(dá)到峰值;淋溶水COD前期稍有降低,追肥前達(dá)到最低值,進(jìn)入5月份后到茄子季結(jié)束呈現(xiàn)逐漸上升的趨勢。綜上,有機(jī)種植模式在減少氮素淋失方面較綜合和常規(guī)模式表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)勢,但會(huì)顯著增加磷素淋失風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并在一定程度上提高淋溶水COD。
[Abstract]:Based on the long-term positioning experiment of organic vegetables in solar greenhouse started in 2002 at Quzhou Experimental Station of China Agricultural University, a leakage meter was used to collect 1 m deep leached water, and the total nitrogen of soil leaching water of spring eggplant and autumn stubble celery in 2014 was measured. Total phosphorus and Chemical oxygen demand (COD). Study on different vegetable cultivation patterns (organic, comprehensive, The results showed that the sum of the total nitrogen leaching amount of the organic model was 137.02 kg / hm ~ (-2), which was 12.0% and 25.9% less than that of the integrated and conventional models, respectively, and the sum of the two crops of total phosphorus leaching was 18.23 kg / hm ~ (-2), respectively. The sum of COD in leaching water was 856.99 kg / hm ~ (-2), which was 32. 4% and 3. 1% higher than that in general and conventional models, respectively. The change trend of total phosphorus and COD was significant. The total nitrogen leaching amount of spring eggplant was maintained at a high level at the early stage, the peak value appeared after topdressing, then decreased rapidly, and fluctuated at a lower level after entering June, and the total phosphorus leaching amount changed relatively slowly. The COD of leaching water decreased slightly in the early stage of leaching, reached the lowest value before topdressing, and gradually increased after entering May to the end of eggplant season. The organic planting model showed advantages in reducing nitrogen leaching, but it increased the risk of phosphorus leaching and enhanced COD in leaching water to a certain extent.
【作者單位】： 中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)曲周實(shí)驗(yàn)站;
【基金】：“十二五”農(nóng)村領(lǐng)域國家科技計(jì)劃課題(2013BAD20B01) 環(huán)保公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(201309036)資助~~
【分類號】：S626;S153

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