本文選題：土壤重金屬　切入點(diǎn)：畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物　出處：《土壤》2017年02期

【摘要】：通過(guò)田間試驗(yàn)研究了畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物長(zhǎng)期施用(2001—2013年)對(duì)重金屬(Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As)在潮土中累積、形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)化及遷移行為的影響。試驗(yàn)設(shè)置畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物(豬糞,OM)和化肥氮磷鉀(NPK)兩個(gè)處理,每處理設(shè)置3個(gè)重復(fù)。結(jié)果顯示,畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物的長(zhǎng)期施用造成Cu、Zn在OM處理土壤中的含量明顯高于NPK處理,并主要累積于耕層土壤(0~20 cm),但總體含量(Cu:38.71 mg/kg;Zn:83.26 mg/kg)較低,對(duì)農(nóng)田生態(tài)安全的影響較小。形態(tài)分析結(jié)果顯示,OM處理土壤中DTPA絡(luò)合態(tài)、弱酸結(jié)合態(tài)和鐵錳結(jié)合態(tài)Cu、Zn、As的含量均顯著高于NPK處理,但不同形態(tài)Cr、Pb、Cd在兩種處理土壤中的差異相對(duì)較小。其中,Cr主要以非提取態(tài)的形式存在(Cr95%)。外源性Cu易累積于非提取態(tài)(52%),而Zn則以弱酸溶解態(tài)(40%)和鐵錳結(jié)合態(tài)(60%)為主。畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物的農(nóng)田施用不僅是土壤重金屬的重要來(lái)源,也是土壤重金屬活性提高的重要原因,并造成部分重金屬在剖面土壤中發(fā)生明顯遷移行為,累積于更深層土壤中。
[Abstract]:The effects of long-term application of livestock and poultry culture wastes (2001 to 2013) on the accumulation, morphological transformation and migration behavior of heavy metal CrCU Cuznznznznzbcdcu in fluvo-soil were studied in this paper. Two treatments were set up for livestock and poultry culture waste (pig manure) and fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (NPK). The results showed that the content of Cu + Zn in OM treated soil was significantly higher than that in NPK treatment, and was mainly accumulated in topsoil (20 cm ~ (-1)), but the total content of Cu: 38.71 mg 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1) Zn: Zn: 83.26 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) was lower. The results of speciation analysis showed that the contents of DTPA complex, weak acid bound and ferromanganese bound Cu ~ (2 +) Zn ~ (2 +) in soil treated with OM were significantly higher than those in NPK treatment. However, the difference of different forms of CrPbN CD in the two treatments is relatively small, among which Cr mainly exists in the form of non-extractable form. Exogenous Cu is easy to accumulate in the non-extractable form, while Zn is mainly in the form of weak acid solution (40%) and iron-manganese bound state (60g)). Farm application of livestock and poultry wastes is not only an important source of heavy metals in soil, It is also an important reason for the increase of soil heavy metal activity, and some heavy metals migrate in the profile soil and accumulate in deeper soil.
【作者單位】： 土壤與農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(中國(guó)科學(xué)院南京土壤研究所);中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué);安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院戰(zhàn)略性先導(dǎo)科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)課題項(xiàng)目(XDB15030302);中國(guó)科學(xué)院科技服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(KFJ-EW-STS-055-4) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(41471182) 土壤與農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放基金項(xiàng)目(Y20160014)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X53;X713

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