本文選題：探地雷達(dá)　切入點(diǎn)：土壤含水量　出處：《中國水利水電科學(xué)研究院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：準(zhǔn)確定量地監(jiān)測土壤含水量,對研究區(qū)域水循環(huán)運(yùn)動、監(jiān)測干旱的發(fā)生及發(fā)展過程、指導(dǎo)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐和合理進(jìn)行水資源調(diào)控具有重要意義。隨著遙感技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,快速獲取大尺度土壤含水量的遙感方法得到廣泛關(guān)注。但由于地面儀器測量數(shù)據(jù)與衛(wèi)星接收數(shù)據(jù)的尺度存在很大差異,通過傳統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)土壤含水量測量數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證遙感數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)品的準(zhǔn)確性和精確性存在尺度不匹配問題。土壤含水量的定點(diǎn)測量和遙感觀測之間缺少對像元尺度土壤含水量驗(yàn)證的科學(xué)方法研究,如何有效地通過方便快速、準(zhǔn)確可靠的土壤含水量測量方法驗(yàn)證像元尺度的土壤含水量遙感反演結(jié)果,是本文的主要科學(xué)問題。為研究基于探地雷達(dá)的土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測地面驗(yàn)證方法,以探地雷達(dá)測量土壤含水量的精度驗(yàn)證和影響因素分析為基礎(chǔ),通過基于探地雷達(dá)的像元土壤含水量地面驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn),利用地統(tǒng)計(jì)法分析像元尺度土壤含水量的空間異質(zhì)性及其尺度效應(yīng)。利用隨機(jī)組合法建立科學(xué)合理的像元尺度土壤含水量驗(yàn)證方法,并應(yīng)用探地雷達(dá)的土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測地面驗(yàn)證方法評估30m和1km分辨率土壤含水量遙感反演結(jié)果的精度。論文的主要成果如下:(1)利用烘干法驗(yàn)證了探地雷達(dá)測量土壤含水量的可靠性:探地雷達(dá)的土壤含水量測量結(jié)果與烘干法一致性高,適用于田間尺度的土壤含水量測量,其中Topp公式比Roth公式更適合計(jì)算荒漠草原區(qū)域的土壤含水量。(2)利用地統(tǒng)計(jì)法分析了像元尺度內(nèi)土壤含水量的空間變異性及其尺度效應(yīng):樣方大小對土壤含水量空間變異性的影響顯著,土壤含水量的最大相關(guān)距離隨樣方尺度增大而增大。對于相同尺度樣方,由于樣方內(nèi)受地形、微地貌、土壤和植被等復(fù)雜因素影響,樣方間的空間變異性存在差異,變異系數(shù)在12%-19%范圍內(nèi)變化。(3)提出了基于探地雷達(dá)的土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測結(jié)果的地面驗(yàn)證方法:通過隨機(jī)組合法和泛克里金法分析發(fā)現(xiàn),4條井字形測線即可基本得到穩(wěn)定可靠的像元土壤含水量觀測值,比均勻分布的25個(gè)傳統(tǒng)測點(diǎn)觀測值更準(zhǔn)確,而且能夠準(zhǔn)確地反映高分辨率的土壤含水量空間變化特征。(4)應(yīng)用探地雷達(dá)法驗(yàn)證了不同尺度的土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測結(jié)果:根據(jù)探地雷達(dá)的土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測地面驗(yàn)證方法,由4條井字形測線實(shí)際評估了 30m分辨率的土壤含水量遙感反演結(jié)果的精度,得到土壤含水量反演結(jié)果的相對誤差約為5.9%。對于1km分辨率的土壤含水量反演結(jié)果的驗(yàn)證,通過對現(xiàn)有小樣方(60m×60m以內(nèi))上的觀測數(shù)據(jù)的比較分析,60m×60m樣方內(nèi)的測量數(shù)據(jù)難以反映1km像元的土壤含水量情況。為準(zhǔn)確驗(yàn)證1km像元土壤含水量遙感監(jiān)測結(jié)果,建議在1km像元內(nèi)布設(shè)4條井字形的測線,將其平均值作為該像元的土壤含水量。
[Abstract]:Accurate and quantitative monitoring of soil water content is of great significance for studying regional water circulation movement, monitoring the occurrence and development of drought, guiding agricultural production practice and rationally regulating water resources, with the rapid development of remote sensing technology. The remote sensing method to obtain large scale soil moisture content quickly has been paid much attention to, but because of the difference between the scale of ground instrument measurement data and satellite data, The accuracy and accuracy of remote sensing data are verified by the traditional point soil moisture measurement data. There is a problem of scale mismatch between the fixed point measurement of soil moisture content and remote sensing observation. The lack of pixel scale soil moisture content between soil moisture content measurement and remote sensing observation. Validation of scientific methods, How to effectively verify the results of remote sensing retrieval of soil water content on pixel scale by convenient, rapid, accurate and reliable soil moisture measurement method, In order to study the ground verification method of remote sensing monitoring soil moisture content based on ground penetrating radar, based on precision verification of soil moisture content measured by ground penetrating radar and analysis of influencing factors, Based on ground penetrating radar (GPR), the ground verification experiment of pixel soil moisture content is carried out. The spatial heterogeneity of soil water content in pixel scale and its scale effect are analyzed by means of geostatistics, and a scientific and reasonable method for verifying soil water content in pixel scale is established by using random combination method. The accuracy of 30 m and 1km resolution soil moisture remote sensing inversion results is evaluated by using the ground verification method of remote sensing monitoring of soil moisture content of ground penetrating radar. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1) the ground-penetrating radar measurement is verified by means of drying method. Reliability of soil moisture content: the soil moisture content measured by GPR is in good agreement with the drying method. Suitable for field scale soil moisture measurement, Topp formula is more suitable than Roth formula to calculate soil water content in desert steppe area.) the spatial variability of soil water content in pixel scale and its scale effect are analyzed by using the method of geostatistics. The effect of intervariability was significant. The maximum correlation distance of soil water content increases with the scale of the sample. For the same scale, the spatial variability of the sample is different because of the complex factors such as topography, microtopography, soil and vegetation, etc. The variation coefficient varies from 12% to 19%.) the ground verification method of soil moisture content monitoring results based on ground penetrating radar is put forward: through random combination method and pankrikriging method, we can find four well zigzag lines. To a stable and reliable pixel soil water content observation, It is more accurate than the observed values at the 25 traditional points of uniform distribution. Moreover, it can accurately reflect the spatial variation characteristics of soil water content with high resolution. The GPR method is used to verify the results of remote sensing monitoring of soil moisture content at different scales: according to the ground verification method of GPR remote sensing monitoring of soil moisture content, In this paper, the accuracy of 30 m resolution remote sensing inversion of soil water content is evaluated by 4 well zigzag lines, and the relative error of soil water content inversion result is about 5.9. The validation of soil water content inversion result based on 1km resolution is given. Through the comparison and analysis of the observed data on the existing sample within 60m 脳 60m), it is difficult to reflect the soil moisture content of the 1km pixel by the measured data in the 60m 脳 60m sample square. In order to verify the results of the remote sensing monitoring of the soil moisture content of the 1km pixel accurately. It is suggested that four well-shaped lines should be arranged in the 1km pixel, and the average value of the line should be taken as the soil moisture content of the pixel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國水利水電科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S152.7;S127

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