本文選題：農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系　切入點：磷流動　出處：《中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報》2016年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為揭示山西省農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系磷流動空間分布特征,進一步為養(yǎng)分資源綜合管理提供科學(xué)建議,本研究使用食物鏈養(yǎng)分流動模型(NUFER)與Arc GIS相結(jié)合,以2011年山西省11個地市農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系為研究對象,計算了農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系中的磷流動、損失及賬戶平衡,并對各個生產(chǎn)體系的磷利用效率(PUE)、有機廢棄物中磷的循環(huán)利用效率、磷的損失途徑等重要指標進行了綜合評價,描述了2011年山西省各地市農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系與區(qū)域尺度的磷流動變化特征。研究結(jié)果表明,山西省各地市農(nóng)牧體系磷的投入和損失差異較大,農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)體系投入范圍在22.5~83.0 kg·hm~(-2),而整個農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系損失區(qū)間在2.7~8.8 kg·hm~(-2);磷的投入和損失均總體呈現(xiàn)東南部高、西北部低的空間分布格局;各地市農(nóng)田磷素均有盈余但程度不均,為9.4~48.4 kg·hm~(-2)。農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的磷素利用效率(PUEc)高于全國平均水平;農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系的磷利用效率(PUEc+a)較低,全省平均水平僅為30.3%,主要是由于農(nóng)牧分離較為嚴重;有機廢棄物的循環(huán)利用效率較低(60%)。省域東南部存在潛在環(huán)境風(fēng)險,晉城、晉中等地市有大量的糞尿磷未得到回收利用,可作為周邊農(nóng)業(yè)主產(chǎn)區(qū)的農(nóng)田養(yǎng)分資源。因此通過提高農(nóng)牧生產(chǎn)體系的養(yǎng)分管理水平和區(qū)域間養(yǎng)分資源協(xié)同管理,能夠大幅提高磷的利用效率,同時有效降低環(huán)境風(fēng)險,實現(xiàn)山西農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of phosphorus flow in agricultural and animal husbandry production system in Shanxi Province, and to provide scientific advice for the integrated management of nutrient resources, the food chain nutrient flow model was combined with Arc GIS in this study. In 2011, 11 agricultural and animal husbandry production systems in Shanxi Province were studied. The phosphorus flow, loss and account balance were calculated, and the phosphorus utilization efficiency of each production system was evaluated. The phosphorus recycling efficiency in organic waste was also studied. Some important indexes, such as the loss path of phosphorus, were comprehensively evaluated, and the characteristics of phosphorus flow in agricultural and animal husbandry production system and regional scale in various cities of Shanxi Province in 2011 were described. The input and loss of phosphorus in the agricultural and animal husbandry system of Shanxi Province are quite different. The input range of farmland production system is in the range of 22.5 ~ 83.0 kg 路hm ~ (-1) ~ (-2) ~ (-1), while the loss range of the whole agricultural and pastoral production system is 2.7 ~ 8.8 kg 路hm ~ (-1) ~ (-2) ~ (-1), and the input and loss of phosphorus are generally high in the southeast. The distribution pattern of low spatial distribution in the northwest of China, the surplus of phosphorus in farmland in different cities was not equal, the P utilization efficiency of farmland production system was higher than the national average, and the P utilization efficiency of agricultural and animal husbandry production system was lower than that of the whole country, but the degree of phosphorus was not equal to that of agricultural production system, which was 48.4 kg 路hm ~ (-2) 路hm ~ (-2), and the P utilization efficiency of farmland production system was higher than that of the whole country. The average level of the whole province is only 30.3, mainly due to the serious separation of agriculture and animal husbandry, the low recycling efficiency of organic wastes and the potential environmental risks in the southeast of the province. A large amount of feces and urine phosphorus has not been recycled in Jincheng, Jinzhong and other cities. Therefore, by improving the nutrient management level of agro-pastoral production system and coordinated management of nutrient resources among regions, the efficiency of phosphorus utilization can be greatly improved and the environmental risk can be effectively reduced. Realize Shanxi agriculture sustainable development.
【作者單位】： 山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與資源研究所;山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;
【基金】：山西省科技基礎(chǔ)條件平臺建設(shè)項目(2014091003-1010) 農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201103003) 山西省青年科技研究基金(2014021031-1) 山西省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院科技攻關(guān)項目(YGG1507)資助~~
【分類號】：S181
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本文編號：1631523