本文選題：GLASS　切入點：LAI　出處：《西安科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：多熟種植是我國重要的耕作方式,它對保持和增加糧食的產(chǎn)量以及促進農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展都有十分重要的意義。我們國家耕地的熟制格局復(fù)雜多樣,在過去的三十年里,我國的耕地資源在數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和利用結(jié)構(gòu)方面因受自然條件以及農(nóng)村社會狀況的影響發(fā)生了復(fù)雜的變化,這就需要我們能夠很好地掌握全國耕地資源的情況和糧食生產(chǎn)的形勢,以對估計糧食產(chǎn)量的變化及其原因做出科學的決策。本文以全國范圍為研究區(qū)域,利用北京師范大學提供的GLASS LAI數(shù)據(jù),用TIMESAT軟件對時間序列的GLASS LAI數(shù)據(jù)進行重構(gòu),得到了能體現(xiàn)不同熟制的時序GLASS LAI平滑曲線,運用R語言編程求平滑曲線極大值個數(shù)(即曲線波峰數(shù)目)的方法實現(xiàn)了全國范圍內(nèi)耕地熟制信息的自動提取,將2000年中國1:10萬的地表覆蓋數(shù)據(jù)的耕地層數(shù)據(jù)對結(jié)果進行裁剪,最終得到1982年、1992年、2002年、2012年的全國耕地熟制格局分布圖,對我國近三十年來耕地的熟制變化進行了分析,并計算得出復(fù)種指數(shù),將所得結(jié)果分別與統(tǒng)計資料及前人的研究成果進行了對比驗證。主要的研究方法及結(jié)果如下:(1)對我國32個省(直轄市、自治區(qū))共12年的時間序列GLASS LAI數(shù)據(jù)進行重投影、拼接、裁剪等預(yù)處理,建立時間序列GLASS LAI曲線,由于影像中存在噪聲的影響,時序GLASS LAI曲線偶爾會出現(xiàn)鋸齒形,利用以Matlab為運行載體的TIMESAT3.0軟件中提供的Gaussian濾波、Logistic濾波以及Savitzky-Golay濾波(簡稱S-G濾波)對曲線進行重構(gòu)。結(jié)果顯示,Gaussian和Logistic兩種濾波不能很好的擬合二熟、三熟作物的曲線,這會造成監(jiān)測結(jié)果與實際情況的嚴重不符,而S-G濾波能夠更好的擬合不同熟制的時序曲線,這能夠較好地展現(xiàn)農(nóng)作物季節(jié)性的變化情況,有利于提取波峰數(shù)量。(2)依據(jù)植物的物候特征所形成的時序曲線的變化特點,耕地熟制就相當于時序曲線上滿足條件的極大值點的個數(shù)。將上述得到的能體現(xiàn)不同熟制的時序GLASS LAI平滑曲線以時序數(shù)字的形式存儲成文本格式,運用R語言編程的方法來提取曲線上滿足條件的極大值點的個數(shù)。結(jié)果顯示,此方法可以提取每個像元的時序曲線波峰個數(shù)(0代表非耕地,1代表一年一熟,2代表一年兩熟,3代表一年三熟)。(3)從最終得到的1982年、1992年、2002年、2012年的全國耕地熟制格局分布圖中可以明顯地看出我國耕地熟制從北到南由單一到復(fù)雜,由一熟區(qū)到二熟區(qū)再到三熟區(qū)的漸變分布,一熟區(qū)、二熟區(qū)多集中分布,三熟區(qū)在零星分布的基礎(chǔ)上存在部分小區(qū)域的集中。近三十年來,我國耕地熟制的動態(tài)變化情況為:一熟區(qū)總體變動不明顯,但區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)有變動,部分區(qū)域增加的同時部分區(qū)域縮減;二熟區(qū)明顯增加,以河南省為中心向四周擴展;三熟區(qū)呈零星區(qū)域的出現(xiàn)并擴展緩慢。(4)從ArcGIS成圖的屬性信息中獲取我國32個省(直轄市、自治區(qū))一熟、二熟、三熟的像元個數(shù)來計算復(fù)種指數(shù)。結(jié)果表明,近三十年來我國的復(fù)種指數(shù)整體呈持續(xù)上升的趨勢,這說明越來越多的耕地實現(xiàn)了一年兩熟和一年三熟的耕作方式。將2002年的復(fù)種指數(shù)與統(tǒng)計資料以及前人的研究結(jié)果進行對比。結(jié)果表明,本方法監(jiān)測的結(jié)果與統(tǒng)計資料和前人監(jiān)測的結(jié)果均呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.788和0.903,驗證了本文結(jié)果的可靠性。
[Abstract]:Multiple cropping is an important way of farming, it is very important to maintain and increase food production and promote the development of rural economy. Our country farmland cropping system pattern is complicated, in the past thirty years, China's cultivated land resources in quantity, quality and structure for use affected by natural conditions and rural social status changed complicatedly, which requires us to have a good grasp of the situation of cultivated land resources and grain production situation, to make a scientific decision for the estimation of grain yield changes and its reasons. Based on the country as the study area, GLASS using LAI data provided by Beijing Normal University. GLASS LAI, reconstruct the data of time series using TIMESAT software obtained can reflect the timing of GLASS LAI smooth curves of different cropping system, for the smooth curve is the use of R language programming A large number of values (i.e. curve peak number) method to realize the automatic extraction of nationwide land cropping information, cutting results are 2000 China 1:10 million land cover data of arable layer data obtained in 1982, 1992, 2002, 2012, the national cultivated land cropping pattern distribution, cropping system the change of cultivated land in China in the past thirty years were analyzed, and calculated the cropping index, the results with statistical data and research results were verified. The previous research methods and results are as follows: (1) in 32 provinces in China (municipalities, autonomous regions) splicing time sequence GLASS LAI data for 12 years of heavy cutting, projection, pretreatment, a time series GLASS LAI curve, because of the influence of noise existing in images, temporal GLASS LAI curve occasionally appear jagged, using Matlab as its carrier TIME Gaussian filter SAT3.0 software, Logistic filter and Savitzky-Golay filter (S-G filter) to reconstruct curve fitting. The results showed that Gaussian and Logistic two kinds of filter is not well cooked two, three crops of the curve, this will cause the monitoring results and the actual situation is not serious, but the S-G filter can better fitting curve of different cropping system, which can show the changes of seasonal crops, is conducive to extract the peak number. (2) according to the changing characteristics of the timing curve formed by phenological characteristics of plants, the maximum value of the number of arable cropping system is equivalent to the timing curve to meet the conditions. The timing of GLASS LAI can reflect the smooth curve of different cropping system stored in sequential digital text format, using the method of R programming language to extract the maximum point on the curve to meet the conditions of the The number of the number sequence. The results show that this method can extract the peak curve of each pixel (representing 0 of non arable land, 1 represents a year one ripe, 2 representatives of two crops a year, 3 representatives of three crops a year). (3) from the final in 1982, 1992, 2002, the national arable cropping system the pattern of distribution map in 2012, you can clearly see that China's cultivated land cropping system from north to South and from single to complex, from single cropping area to two cropping zone to the gradient distribution of three cropping area, a ripe area, two cropping areas are more concentrated distribution areas of three crops are mainly concentrated in the base part of the small area scattered on the distribution. In the past thirty years, the dynamic changes of cultivated land in China cropping system: the total change in cropping area is not obvious, but there are also some changes in the region, part of the increase in regional area reduced; two cropping area increased significantly in Henan Province as the center to the surrounding areas of three crops showed expansion; zero star region and slow expansion Slow. (4) China's 32 provinces to obtain attribute information in the graph from ArcGIS (municipalities, autonomous regions) a two cooked, cooked, cooked three pixel number of the cropping index. The results show that in the past thirty years cropping index showed an overall upward trend, indicating that more and the more arable land achieved two crops a year and three crops a year of farming methods. By comparing the 2002 cropping index with statistical data and previous research results. The results show that the method of monitoring results and statistical data and the previous monitoring results showed a positive correlation, the correlation coefficient was 0.788 and 0.903 respectively. And verify the reliability of the results.

【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S127;S344

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