本文選題：粉壟耕作　切入點(diǎn)：小麥　出處：《土壤通報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：通過在河南省溫縣(2013~2014年)和西華縣(2014~2015年)小麥、玉米2季作物的試驗(yàn),研究粉壟耕作對(duì)作物產(chǎn)量、土壤養(yǎng)分(堿解氮、有效磷、速效鉀、有機(jī)質(zhì))含量的影響,并分析耕作措施與作物生產(chǎn)、養(yǎng)分吸收的關(guān)系,為作物高產(chǎn)和施肥管理提借鑒。小麥播種季,設(shè)旋耕(12~16 cm,CK),粉壟耕作(FL1:20~30 cm,FL2:30~40 cm)3個(gè)處理,夏玉米在小麥?zhǔn)斋@后貼茬播種,其它一切農(nóng)事操作均保持一致。結(jié)果表明,FL1、FL2處理小麥當(dāng)季平均增產(chǎn)幅度分別為18.5%、23.5%,FL2FL1;玉米季,FL1、FL2處理的平均增產(chǎn)幅度分別為10.4%、5.8%。土壤養(yǎng)分方面,與CK相比,FL1、FL2處理能夠增加小麥成熟期潮土土壤速效鉀含量,平均增加74.49 mg kg~(-1),顯著降低土壤堿解氮、有效磷、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量,降低玉米季土壤耕層速效養(yǎng)分含量。FL1、FL2處理顯著增加砂姜黑土土壤有效磷含量,平均高2.2 mg kg~(-1),降低土壤堿解氮、速效鉀含量,分別平均降低7.54 mg kg~(-1)、13.38 mg kg~(-1)。小麥季,FL1、FL2處理的氮、磷、鉀肥偏生產(chǎn)力均顯著高于CK,比CK高出5~19個(gè)單位;玉米季,偏生產(chǎn)力比CK高出3~15個(gè)單位。說明在養(yǎng)分投入、農(nóng)事操作等保持一致的條件下,粉壟耕作(FL1,FL2)能夠增加小麥、玉米兩季作物產(chǎn)量,促進(jìn)作物對(duì)養(yǎng)分的吸收,特別是氮的吸收。此外,適當(dāng)增加耕作層的厚度更有助于當(dāng)季小麥產(chǎn)量的提高。
[Abstract]:The effects of silt tillage on crop yield, soil nutrients (alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter) were studied by experiments on wheat and maize crops in Wenxian County, Henan Province from 2013 to 2014 and Xihua County from 2014 to 2015. The relationship between tillage measures and crop production and nutrient absorption was also analyzed, which could be used as a reference for high yield crop and fertilizer management. In wheat sowing season, rotation tillage was set up with 12 ~ (16) cm ~ (-1) CK, silt tillage was treated with FL1: 20 ~ (30 cm) FL2: 30 ~ (40 cm), and summer maize was sown after wheat harvest. The results showed that the average yield of wheat treated with FL1 / FL2 was 18.52FL1, and that of FL-2FL2 in maize was 10.45.80.The results showed that the average yield of wheat treated with FL1 / FL2 was 10.4% and 5.8%, respectively, and the average yield of FL-2FL1 in maize was 10.4% and 5.8%, respectively, in the field of soil nutrients. Compared with CK treatment, the available potassium content in fluvo-soil was increased by 74.49 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) N, available phosphorus and organic matter. The available phosphorus content in soil of shajiang black soil was significantly increased by reducing the available nutrient content. FL1 + FL2 treatment significantly increased the available phosphorus content of sandy ginger black soil, and decreased soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium content by an average of 7.54 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) C ~ (-1) and 13.38 mg / kg ~ (-1) K ~ (-1), respectively. The nitrogen and phosphorus of F _ (1) F _ (2) treatment in wheat season were increased significantly. The partial productivity of potassium fertilizer was significantly higher than that of CK, which was 5 ~ 19 units higher than that of CK, and that of maize season was 3 ~ 15 units higher than that of CK. The yield of maize crops in two seasons can promote the nutrient absorption, especially the absorption of nitrogen. In addition, increasing the thickness of tiller layer is helpful to the increase of wheat yield in the current season.
【作者單位】： 河南省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與資源環(huán)境研究所;西華縣農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究所;河南省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)作物研究所;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(31301284) “十二五”科技支撐計(jì)劃循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目(2012BAD14B08、2012BAD14B04) 河南省重點(diǎn)科技攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(132102110068) 河南省產(chǎn)糧大省項(xiàng)目(HN0026) 院縣共建項(xiàng)目(YX018) 農(nóng)牧一體化項(xiàng)目(NM007)資助
【分類號(hào)】：S158;S513

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