本文選題：灌溉　切入點：淋洗　出處：《農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報》2017年22期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：針對龜裂堿土質(zhì)地黏重、透水性差、難以改良利用等瓶頸問題,該研究采用礫石暗溝改良技術(shù),在統(tǒng)一施用脫硫石膏22.5 t/hm2和淋洗定額4 500 m~3/hm~2的基礎(chǔ)上,研究不同暗溝間距(3、6、9 m)及礫石墊層厚度(25、30、35 cm)對龜裂堿土理化性質(zhì)、鹽分離子濃度、油葵產(chǎn)量的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明:1)灌水洗鹽過程中礫石暗溝的設(shè)置有利于提高土壤滲透性,保持脫鹽狀態(tài),暗溝間距越小脫鹽效果越顯著;2)礫石暗溝處理下土壤Na~+、CO_3~(2-)、HCO_3~-、Cl~-濃度顯著減少,其中Na~+是最主要陽離子,其Cl~-的相關(guān)性最大,其次為SO_4~(2-);3)在暗溝間距3 m、礫石層厚度35 cm的處理下(T3),第1年0~40 cm土層pH值、堿化度分別比CK(無暗溝處理)降低11.6%、32.2%,第2年分別降低12.4%、39.6%;4)T3處理油葵出苗率和產(chǎn)量最高,第1年產(chǎn)量為CK的2.87倍,第2年為CK的3.44倍。因此,礫石暗溝能促進脫硫石膏改善龜裂堿土理化性質(zhì),提高作物產(chǎn)量。
[Abstract]:In view of the bottleneck problems such as viscous texture, poor permeability and difficulty in improving and utilization of chapped alkali soil, this study adopted gravel dark ditch improvement technology, based on the uniform application of desulphurized gypsum 22.5 t / hm ~ 2 and leaching quota of 4 500 m ~ 2 / 3 / h ~ (-2). The effects of different spacing of dark ditches (3 ~ 6 ~ 6 ~ 9 m) and gravel cushion thickness of 25 ~ 30 ~ (35 cm) on physical and chemical properties, concentration of salt ion and yield of oil sunflower were studied. The results showed that the setting of gravel trench in the process of irrigation and salt washing was beneficial to the improvement of soil permeability. In the condition of desalting, the effect of desalination is more obvious with the smaller the distance between the dark ditches and gravel.) the concentration of Na ~ (3 +) C ~ (3 +) in soil decreases significantly under the treatment of gravel dark ditch. The concentration of Na ~ ~ is the main cation, and the correlation of Cl ~ (-) is the greatest. The next was so _ 4 / C _ 2 ~ (3)) under the treatment of 3 m interval of dark ditch and 35 cm thickness of gravel layer, the pH value and alkalinity of 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer in the first year were lower than CK (without dark ditch treatment) by 11.632 ~ (2) and 12.4% ~ 39.6 ~ 4T3 ~ (3) respectively, the seedling rate and yield of oil sunflower were the highest in the treatment of 0 ~ (40) cm in the first year, and the highest in the second year, compared with CK (without dark ditch treatment). The yield in the first year was 2.87 times that of CK and 3.44 times in the second year. Therefore, the gravel ditch can promote desulfurization gypsum to improve the physical and chemical properties of chapped alkali soil and increase crop yield.
【作者單位】： 寧夏大學(xué)土木與水利工程學(xué)院;寧夏大學(xué)資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;寧夏(中阿)旱區(qū)資源評價與環(huán)境調(diào)控重點實驗室;寧夏大學(xué)環(huán)境工程研究院;
【基金】：國家林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研重大專項(201504402)
【分類號】：S156.4;S565.5

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本文編號：1599099