本文選題：3S技術(shù)　切入點：耕地后備資源　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：耕地是農(nóng)民生活之根本,是國家糧食儲備的源頭,是社會穩(wěn)定和安全保障的基礎(chǔ)。隨著城市和工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,耕地嚴(yán)重被占用、濫用和過度破壞�，F(xiàn)今,全國各地已出現(xiàn)部分耕地退化、荒廢,耕地資源使用面積大幅度減少的現(xiàn)象。耕地保護和耕地后備資源開發(fā)利用是解決這類問題的重要途徑,而耕地后備資源作為耕地補充的重要來源,是實現(xiàn)國家糧食保障的基礎(chǔ)。對耕地后備資源的評價確保了查清了耕地的規(guī)模及分布,其評價結(jié)果可以為國土部門和政府提供有利的科學(xué)指導(dǎo)和依據(jù)。本文借助由GIS、GPS和RS組成的3S技術(shù),從耕地的自然適宜性和生態(tài)安全性角度出發(fā),對耕地后備資源調(diào)查和評價進行全面的設(shè)計和研究。提出了耕地后備資源調(diào)查與評價的理論方法與技術(shù)框架,分析了耕地后備資源的評價原則、評價因素選取方法、評價流程及評價方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,以江西省贛州市下的上猶縣為研究區(qū)域進行了實例分析。首先在全國第二次土地調(diào)查和上一輪耕地后備資源調(diào)查成果基礎(chǔ)上,依托遙感技術(shù),對上猶縣0.5米高分辨率遙感圖像進行內(nèi)業(yè)解譯,提取評價地類圖斑,確定評價對象。然后結(jié)合GIS技術(shù),把評價對象與專題信息圖,如坡向圖等,做疊置分析確定評價單元。通過GPS技術(shù),利用外業(yè)調(diào)繪軟件—基于Android的野外數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng),對地類圖斑進行采集和調(diào)查,進一步形成上猶縣耕地后備資源調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)庫。其次分析了耕地在自然、生態(tài)條件下變化的影響因子,從遙感影像中提取評價指標(biāo),確定耕地后備資源評價因子,建立了在自然、生態(tài)限制條件下的耕地后備資源評價體系。采用極限法和綜合指數(shù)相結(jié)合的方法,建立土地宜耕性評價模型,并對研究區(qū)域進行宜耕性評價。最后,對評價結(jié)果進行可視化,并統(tǒng)計分析了研究區(qū)域宜耕后備資源數(shù)量特征、宜耕后備資源空間分布及宜耕后備資源地類來源,同時根據(jù)評價結(jié)果為決策者耕地后備資源開發(fā)利用提供了有效的建議和對策,也為土地利用規(guī)劃、土地整理開發(fā)工作提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the foundation of farmers' lives, the source of national grain reserves and the foundation of social stability and security. With the rapid development of cities and industries, cultivated land is seriously occupied, abused and excessively damaged. Some arable land has been degraded, abandoned and the area used for cultivated land resources has been greatly reduced in various parts of the country. The protection of cultivated land and the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources are important ways to solve this kind of problems. As an important source of arable land supplement, cultivated land reserve resources are the basis for achieving national food security. The evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources ensures that the scale and distribution of cultivated land are clear. The evaluation results can provide favorable scientific guidance and basis for the land department and the government. In this paper, with the help of the 3s technology composed of GIS-GPS and RS, the natural suitability and ecological security of cultivated land are considered. This paper makes a comprehensive design and research on the investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, puts forward the theoretical method and technical framework for the investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, analyzes the evaluation principles of cultivated land reserve resources, and the methods of selecting evaluation factors. On this basis, taking Shangyou County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province as a case study area, this paper makes a case study. Firstly, on the basis of the results of the second national land survey and the last round of cultivated land reserve resources investigation, Relying on remote sensing technology, this paper interprets the 0.5m high-resolution remote sensing image in Shangyou County, extracts the evaluation spot, and determines the evaluation object. Then, combined with GIS technology, the evaluation object and the thematic information map, such as slope map, etc. Through the GPS technology, the field data acquisition system based on Android is used to collect and investigate the ground type map spot, which is based on the field data acquisition system based on Android. Secondly, the influence factors of cultivated land changes under natural and ecological conditions were analyzed, the evaluation indexes were extracted from remote sensing images, the evaluation factors of cultivated land reserve resources were determined, and the factors of cultivated land reserve resources evaluation were established in nature. The evaluation system of cultivated land reserve resources under the condition of ecological restriction. By using the method of limit method and comprehensive index, the evaluation model of land suitability for tillage is established. Finally, the evaluation results are visualized. The quantitative characteristics of reserve resources, spatial distribution of reserve resources of suitable tillage and the source of land types of reserve resources of suitable tillage in the study area are statistically analyzed, and the effective suggestions and countermeasures for the development and utilization of reserve resources of arable land for decision makers are provided according to the evaluation results. Also for land use planning, land consolidation and development work to provide scientific basis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F323.211;S127

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本文編號：1597207