本文選題：傳粉昆蟲　切入點：多樣性　出處：《生態(tài)學報》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：在農(nóng)業(yè)景觀中,傳粉昆蟲的生存繁衍與半自然生境的面積大小有關(guān)。集約化生產(chǎn)方式使半自然生境比例逐漸減少,農(nóng)田比例不斷增加,隨著景觀簡化梯度的變化(農(nóng)田比例逐漸增大),傳粉昆蟲群落多樣性將會發(fā)生怎樣的變化?選擇黃河中下游典型農(nóng)區(qū)鞏義市為研究區(qū)域,采用誘捕盤法(Pan traps)進行農(nóng)田、林地的傳粉昆蟲取樣,以21個樣點作為景觀簡化梯度(農(nóng)田比例范圍5%—86%)的呈現(xiàn),基于每個樣點的傳粉昆蟲多度和豐富度變化來探究景觀簡化對傳粉昆蟲多樣性的影響。結(jié)果顯示:區(qū)內(nèi)累計捕獲傳粉昆蟲39660頭,優(yōu)勢類群包括雙翅目(Diptera)、膜翅目(Hymenoptera)、鞘翅目(Coleoptera)等。采用逐步回歸分析及線性擬合后發(fā)現(xiàn)景觀簡化程度與傳粉昆蟲多度和豐富度呈顯著負相關(guān)(P0.05);景觀簡化對傳粉昆蟲類群間的影響也是有差異的,其中對鞘翅目多度的影響最為密切(R~2=0.27),同時對膜翅目和雙翅目也有較大影響(R~2=0.14、R~2=0.11),景觀簡化與鱗翅目多度呈正相關(guān);隨景觀簡化的程度加深,農(nóng)田生境中膜翅目多度呈顯著下降趨勢(P0.05),而林地中膜翅目多度變化不明顯。在未來的景觀規(guī)劃中,應(yīng)著重考慮傳粉昆蟲中鞘翅目類群的棲息地變化及食物資源狀況。依據(jù)研究結(jié)果建議林地生境中應(yīng)注重保護現(xiàn)有的自然植被群落,在人工林中可以種植一定面積的蜜粉源植物;農(nóng)田生境內(nèi)對雜草群落、半自然生境斑塊進行合理規(guī)劃的基礎(chǔ)上,還可以種植線性景觀植物作為傳粉昆蟲的食物源。
[Abstract]:In the agricultural landscape, the survival and reproduction of pollination insects is related to the size of semi-natural habitat. The proportion of semi-natural habitat decreases gradually and the proportion of farmland increases. How will the diversity of pollinated insect communities change with the change of landscape simplification gradient (the proportion of farmland increases gradually)? Gongyi City, a typical agricultural area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, was selected as the study area, and the pollination insects were sampled from the woodland by trapping pan traps method. The landscape simplification gradient (5-86g) was presented with 21 samples. The effects of landscape simplification on pollination insect diversity were investigated based on the variation of pollination insect abundance and richness in each sample site. The results showed that 39660 pollinators were captured in the area. The dominant groups include Diptera Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, etc. By stepwise regression analysis and linear fitting, it is found that landscape simplification is negatively correlated with pollination insect abundance and richness, and landscape simplification has significant negative correlation with pollination insect abundance and richness. There are also differences between groups. The effect on the abundance of Coleoptera is the most close, and it also has great influence on Hymenoptera and Diptera. The landscape simplification is positively correlated with the abundance of Lepidoptera. Hymenoptera abundance in farmland habitat decreased significantly (P 0.05), but the change of Hymenoptera abundance in woodland was not obvious. In the future landscape planning, The habitat change and food resource status of Coleoptera in pollinating insects should be considered emphatically. According to the research results, the existing natural vegetation community should be protected in forest habitat, and a certain area of nectar source plants can be planted in artificial forest. On the basis of reasonable planning of weed communities and semi-natural habitat patches in farmland, linear landscape plants can also be planted as food sources for pollinated insects.
【作者單位】： 教育部黃河中下游數(shù)字地理技術(shù)重點實驗室;河南大學環(huán)境與規(guī)劃學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金資助項目(41371195,41071118)
【分類號】：S186

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