本文選題：搖臂上噴式降雨模擬器　切入點：動態(tài)上噴式　出處：《中國水土保持科學》2016年06期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：降雨模擬器是進行室內(nèi)或野外土壤侵蝕規(guī)律研究、降雨產(chǎn)流及入滲過程研究等的有效手段,目前野外降雨模擬器存在噴頭安裝高度大、有效降雨區(qū)域較小、與天然降雨有一定差別等問題,本文針對以上問題研制出一種可廣泛使用的搖臂上噴式降雨模擬器。通過率定降雨面積、降雨強度與均勻系數(shù)、雨滴中數(shù)直徑、終點速度與雨滴動能六大降雨特性,探討該降雨裝置的適用性。結果表明:該裝置的降雨面積可達到100 m~2,降雨均勻系數(shù)為41%;當降雨面積為50 m~2,供水壓力為0.32 kg/cm~2時,平均最大降雨強度為116.25 mm/h,最小降雨強度為61.01 mm/h,降雨均勻系數(shù)最大值為82%,最小值為46%,平均雨滴中數(shù)直徑D50為1.67 mm,平均雨滴終點速度為3.656 m/s,平均雨滴動能為299.4 J/(m~2·cm)。該裝置具有能耗小、重量輕、操作簡單、便于移動等優(yōu)點,符合天然降雨規(guī)律,可滿足一般田間和野外試驗的要求。
[Abstract]:Rainfall simulator is an effective means to study indoor or outdoor soil erosion law, rainfall runoff and infiltration process, etc. At present, the sprinkler head installation height is large and the effective rainfall area is small in the field rainfall simulator. There are some differences between rainfall and natural rainfall. In view of the above problems, a widely used rocker arm jet rainfall simulator is developed in this paper. The pass rate determines the rainfall area, rainfall intensity and uniform coefficient, the middle diameter of raindrop, and so on. Six rainfall characteristics of terminal velocity and raindrop kinetic energy are discussed, and the applicability of the device is discussed. The results show that the rainfall area of the device can reach 100 mm2, the rainfall uniformity coefficient is 41%, and when the rainfall area is 50 mm2, the water supply pressure is 0.32 kg / cm ~ 2:00. The average maximum rainfall intensity is 116.25 mm / h, the minimum rainfall intensity is 61.01 mm / h, the maximum rainfall uniformity coefficient is 82mm / h, the minimum value is 46mm, the average drop diameter D _ 50 is 1.67 mm, the average raindrop end point velocity is 3.656 m / s, the average raindrop kinetic energy is 299.4 J / m ~ 2 路cm ~ (-1). It has the advantages of light weight, simple operation, convenient movement and so on. It conforms to the law of natural rainfall and can meet the requirements of general field and field experiments.
【作者單位】： 沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學水利學院;沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學土地與環(huán)境學院;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目“東北黑土區(qū)壟作農(nóng)田融雪侵蝕過程中氮磷遷移轉化機制研究”(41471225) 遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)領域青年科技創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)計劃“遼寧省土壤侵蝕預報”(2014054) 遼寧省高等學校優(yōu)秀人才支持計劃“凍融條件下秸稈覆蓋坡面磷素流失研究”(LJQ2013074)
【分類號】：S157

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1 A.Kamphorst ,陳敏才;一種測定土壤可蝕性的小型降雨模擬器[J];中國水土保持;1989年05期

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