本文關(guān)鍵詞： 侵蝕性坡地 土壤剖面 元素遷移 風(fēng)化強(qiáng)度 發(fā)育特征　出處：《土壤學(xué)報(bào)》2016年06期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為揭示發(fā)育于侵蝕性風(fēng)化花崗巖坡地上不同地貌部位土壤剖面的風(fēng)化發(fā)育特征,在浙江省選擇了典型的風(fēng)化花崗巖坡地:浙江省嵊州市水土保持監(jiān)測(cè)站為研究區(qū),在監(jiān)測(cè)站同一坡面不同侵蝕強(qiáng)度的坡頂、坡中、坡底選取3個(gè)典型的土壤剖面(140 cm),從下至上等距離(20 cm)采集土壤樣品,共采集21個(gè)土樣。進(jìn)行了各層土壤基本理化特性和化學(xué)全量的分析,并分別計(jì)算了3個(gè)剖面不同層次的主要化學(xué)風(fēng)化系數(shù)及總的風(fēng)化強(qiáng)度,結(jié)果表明:(1)在強(qiáng)烈侵蝕的花崗巖風(fēng)化殘積坡地發(fā)育的土壤,總體發(fā)育成熟過程較弱,其進(jìn)一步的發(fā)育與典型的地帶性土壤的發(fā)育有很大的差異,侵蝕過程嚴(yán)重地影響了土壤的進(jìn)一步成熟,侵蝕強(qiáng)度越大,則土壤發(fā)育越差。(2)土壤剖面總的風(fēng)化強(qiáng)度不大,上下層的遞變差異很小,脫硅富鋁化過程隨著剖面深度的增加風(fēng)化程度越來越弱。(3)土壤剖面的化學(xué)分層不明顯,各種風(fēng)化指標(biāo)均在60 cm左右形成了一個(gè)分界層,其上受水力侵蝕影響明顯,其下呈現(xiàn)出的特性以繼承殘積母質(zhì)為主。(4)不同地貌部位的風(fēng)化發(fā)育程度排序?yàn)?坡底坡中坡頂,其與采樣坡面的侵蝕強(qiáng)度排序正好相反。(5)風(fēng)化程度與有機(jī)質(zhì)和黏粒含量具有較為明顯的正比關(guān)系,在侵蝕環(huán)境下,土壤的物理特性對(duì)風(fēng)化的影響明顯,在沉積環(huán)境下土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)的影響大于黏粒含量的影響。總之,由于受侵蝕的影響,坡地土壤剖面的淀積層不發(fā)育,剖面呈現(xiàn)出的假淀積層不是由淋溶作用形成的,而是具有一定風(fēng)化程度的風(fēng)化殘積層,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致發(fā)育于山地丘陵侵蝕性坡地的土壤層次劃分不同于常規(guī)的土壤層次劃分。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the development in different geomorphological positions of soil weathering erosion of weathered granite slope development characteristics, choose the typical weathered granite slope in Zhejiang Province: monitoring station as the study area of soil and water conservation in Zhejiang city of Shengzhou Province, the monitoring station of the same slope of different erosion intensity of slope, slope, slope, select 3 typical the soil profile (140 cm), from the first distance (20 cm) soil samples were collected, 21 soil samples were collected. The analysis of soil basic physical and chemical properties and chemical content, main chemical weathering coefficient 3 profile and the total weathering intensity, are calculated the results showed that: (1) weathering residual soil slope development in strong erosion of granite, the overall maturation is weak, there are great differences in the further development and the development of typical area of soil erosion, serious influence Further maturation of soil erosion intensity, the greater the soil development is worse. (2) is the total intensity of weathering soil profile, graded layer difference is very small, and the process of silicon rich aluminum profile with the increase of the depth of weathering degree is more and more weak. (3) the chemical soil layer is not obvious. All kinds of weathering index is about 60 cm in the formation of a boundary layer, the effects of water erosion on the obvious, its characteristics appear to inherit the residual parent material. (4) the development degree of weathering in different geomorphological positions as follows: the bottom of the slope slope slope, the slope and erosion intensity sampling sequence on the contrary. (5) the degree of weathering and organic matter and clay content is proportional to the more obvious, in the erosion environment, effects of soil physical properties of weathered sedimentary environment in the obvious effect of soil organic matter is greater than the influence of clay content. In short, due to invasion The effects of corrosion, deposition layer soil profile is not developed, showing a fake profile illuvium is not formed by leaching, but has a certain degree of weathering eluvial weathering, resulting in the development of the soil erosion in hilly slope layers is different from conventional soil layers.

【作者單位】： 浙江大學(xué)環(huán)境與資源學(xué)院水資源與環(huán)境研究所浙江省亞熱帶土壤與植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)重點(diǎn)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41471221)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：S151.1

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