本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生物有機(jī)肥 有機(jī)質(zhì) 土壤微生物 芽孢桿菌 馬鈴薯　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：【目的】初步探明不同施肥處理對(duì)土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量和微生物區(qū)系的影響.【方法】在甘肅省定西市安定區(qū)布置了生物有機(jī)肥定位試驗(yàn),采用平板計(jì)數(shù)法對(duì)可培養(yǎng)微生物進(jìn)行了數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì).【結(jié)果】施用生物有機(jī)肥的處理其0~20cm土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量高出對(duì)照22.2%~46.9%,且以100%生物有機(jī)肥的T3處理變化幅度最大;20~40cm土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)高出對(duì)照14.5%~48.8%,施用生物有機(jī)肥的T3、T4處理變化幅度大致相同;不同施肥處理間土壤微生物區(qū)系也發(fā)生了明顯的變化,凡是施用生物有機(jī)肥的處理(T3和T4)在大多數(shù)生育期內(nèi)可培養(yǎng)細(xì)菌數(shù)量顯著高于對(duì)照(T1)和化肥處理(T2)(P0.05),增加幅度分別達(dá)到了66.1%~118.8%和13.0%~50.3%,以有機(jī)無(wú)機(jī)配施的T4效果最大;土壤中施入生物有機(jī)肥減少了可培養(yǎng)真菌的數(shù)量,減少幅度分別達(dá)到了31.7%~66.7%和30.2%~89.6%;施用生物有機(jī)肥增加了可培養(yǎng)放線菌的數(shù)量,增加幅度分別達(dá)到24.1%~79.1%和15.6%~50.6%;不同施肥處理土壤中芽孢桿菌數(shù)量的效果與細(xì)菌結(jié)果非常一致,施用生物有機(jī)肥的處理芽孢桿菌數(shù)量高于對(duì)照(T1)和化肥處理(T2),增加幅度分別達(dá)到了56.4%~91.5%和25.4%~64.6%,且生物有機(jī)肥配合化肥處理的效果最為顯著.在整個(gè)生育期內(nèi),對(duì)照(T1)和單施化肥的處理(T2),芽孢桿菌優(yōu)勢(shì)度成降低趨勢(shì),而施用生物有機(jī)肥的處理(T3、T4)芽孢桿菌優(yōu)勢(shì)度成升高趨勢(shì).【結(jié)論】只要向土壤施入生物有機(jī)肥,就可提高表層和深層土壤的有機(jī)質(zhì)含量;施用生物有機(jī)肥提高了土壤細(xì)菌,放線菌和芽孢桿菌的數(shù)量,減少了真菌的數(shù)量;施用生物有機(jī)肥的土壤更有利于芽孢桿菌增殖,從而提高土壤的生物活性.
[Abstract]:[objective] to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil organic matter content and microflora. [methods] Bio-organic fertilizer location test was conducted in Anding District, Dingxi City, Gansu Province. The quantity of culturable microorganism was counted by plate counting method. [results] the organic matter content of 0 ~ 20cm soil in the treatment of biological organic fertilizer was higher than that of the control 22.2N 46.9, and T3 treatment of 100% biological organic fertilizer had the largest change in soil content of 20 ~ 20 ~ 40 cm. The content of organic matter was higher than that of the control, and the change range of T3N T4 treated with biological organic fertilizer was about the same. The soil microflora of different fertilization treatments also changed obviously. The number of culturable bacteria in the treatment of biological organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that in the control (T1) and chemical fertilizer treatment (T2 + P0. 05) during most growth periods, the increase was 66.1% and 13.0%, respectively. The effect of T4 with organic and inorganic combination was the greatest. The amount of culturable fungi was reduced by 31.7% and 30.2% respectively by applying bio-organic fertilizer, and the number of culturable actinomycetes was increased by applying bio-organic fertilizer. The increase ranges were 24.1% and 15.6%, respectively. The effect of different fertilization treatments on the number of Bacillus in soil was very consistent with that of bacteria. The number of bacillus treated with bio-organic fertilizer was higher than that of control (T1) and chemical fertilizer treatment (T2N), with the increase of 91.5% and 25.4%, respectively, and the effect of bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer was the most remarkable. The dominant degree of Bacillus in the control group T1) and single fertilizer treatment T2N decreased, while that of Bio-organic fertilizer treatment T3T4) increased. [conclusion] only the application of bio-organic fertilizer to the soil could increase the dominant degree of Bacillus spp. [conclusion] Bio-organic fertilizer should be applied to the soil as long as the bioorganic fertilizer is applied to the soil. The organic matter content of surface and deep soil can be increased by applying bio-organic fertilizer, the number of bacteria, actinomycetes and Bacillus in soil is increased, and the number of fungi is reduced, and the soil with bio-organic fertilizer is more conducive to the proliferation of Bacillus spp. In order to improve the biological activity of soil.
【作者單位】： 甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)資源與環(huán)境學(xué)院甘肅省干旱生境作物學(xué)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(973計(jì)劃)(2015CB150501) 國(guó)家公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201103004)
【分類號(hào)】：S153.6;S154.3

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