本文關(guān)鍵詞： 類擬盤多毛孢真菌 擬盤多毛孢屬 新擬盤多毛孢屬 假擬盤多毛孢屬 系統(tǒng)發(fā)育學(xué) 分類學(xué) 新種 NDA條形碼 評價　出處：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：類擬盤多毛孢真菌(Pestalotiopsis-like fungi),包括擬盤多毛孢屬(Pestalotiopsis)、新擬盤多毛孢屬(Neopestalotiopsis)和假擬盤多毛孢屬(Pseudopestalotiopsis),是黑盤孢科(Amphisphaeriaceae)中的無性形真菌,其分生孢子具附屬絲。該真菌類群在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛分布,在熱帶和亞熱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中生物多樣性尤其豐富,其宿主專一性不高,能夠引起多種植物的多種病害,是重要的植物病原菌。作為內(nèi)生真菌的重要類群,類擬盤多毛孢真菌能夠產(chǎn)生多種具有生物活性的次級代謝產(chǎn)物,因此對該類真菌的研究具有重要的生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟價值。本研究自2010年至2013年,從我國5個省份(云南、貴州、海南、重慶、廣西)及泰國部分地區(qū)的60余種植物上采集了200多份葉片標(biāo)本,共分離到了92株類擬盤多毛孢菌株,包括擬盤多毛孢屬菌株40株、新擬盤多毛孢屬菌株46株、假擬盤多毛孢屬菌株6株。經(jīng)過ITS,β-tubulin和tef1三個基因加合的系統(tǒng)學(xué)分析,并結(jié)合形態(tài)學(xué)研究,共鑒定出新種18個(5個已發(fā)表,13個待發(fā)表)和已報道種19個。這些充分說明類擬盤多毛孢真菌的植物來源比較廣泛,在南方地區(qū)多種植物上分布較廣,且具有豐富的物種多樣性。18個新種分別為魚尾葵新擬盤多毛孢(Neopestalotiopsis caryotae),香樟新擬盤多毛孢(N.cinnamomumae),咖啡新擬盤多毛孢(N.coffeae-arabicae),N.podocarpusis,羅漢松新擬盤多毛孢(N.podocarpus-macrophyllus),N.pseudoaustralis,N.pseudosaprophyta,鶴望蘭新擬盤多毛孢(N.strelit ziae),Pestalotiopsis camellia-sinensis,飯甑青岡擬盤多毛孢(P.cyclobalanopsis),巴西木擬盤多毛孢(P.dracaenea),P.keteleeria,荔波擬盤多毛孢(P.libosis),李擬盤多毛孢(P.prunui),桃金娘擬盤多毛孢(P.rhodomyrtus),娑羅樹擬盤多毛孢(P.shorea),P.subshorea,Pseudopestalotiopsis simitheae;19個已報道種為卵圓新擬盤多毛孢(Neopestalotiopsis ellipsospora),N.foedans,N.formicarum,藜蘆新擬盤多毛孢(N.leucothoes),山龍眼新擬盤多毛孢(N.protearum),N.samarangensis,Pestalotiopsis adusta,P.anacardiacearum,P.camelliae,P.chamaeropis,P.colombiensis,P.diploclisiae,P.humus,P.kenyana,P.malayana,P.portugalica,P.rhododendri,Pseudopestalotiopsis cocos,Ps.theae。利用PAUP軟件的最大簡約(Maximum Parsimony)算法,分別以擬盤多毛孢屬(Pestalotiopsis)菌株的ITS,β-tubulin和tef1基因序列構(gòu)建了單基因系統(tǒng)進化樹,通過分析各個基因標(biāo)簽對該屬真菌分類的種區(qū)分度和可信度(自舉支持率),并結(jié)合各自的PCR擴增率,分別對三個基因標(biāo)簽做出評價,tef1基因標(biāo)簽以其較高的種區(qū)分能力和可信度被認(rèn)為更適合用作擬盤多毛孢屬真菌分類的DNA條形碼標(biāo)簽。本研究所有新種的模式標(biāo)本及模式菌株均保存在貴州大學(xué)植物病理實驗室(HGUP)和泰國皇太后大學(xué)(MFLUCC)。
[Abstract]:Pestalotiopsis-like fungii, including Pestalotiopsis, Neopestalotiopsis (Neopestalotiopsis) and Pseudopestalotiopsis (Pseudopestalotiopsis), are asexual fungi of Amphisphaeriaceaeae in the family Amphisphaeriaceae. their conidiospores are sericulate. In tropical and subtropical ecosystems, biodiversity is especially abundant, its host is not unique, it can cause a variety of plant diseases, it is an important plant pathogen, as an important group of endophytic fungi, The studies on this kind of fungi have important ecological and economic value. From 2010 to 2013, this study was carried out in five provinces of China (Yunnan, Guizhou, China). More than 200 leaf specimens were collected from more than 60 species of plants in Hainan, Chongqing, Guangxi) and some parts of Thailand. A total of 92 panicularia strains were isolated, including 40 strains of the genus Paracia and 46 strains of the new genus. A total of 6 strains of the genus Phaeopsis were studied by phylogenetic analysis and morphological analysis of ITS, 尾 -tubulin and tef1 gene adducts. A total of 18 new species (5 published, 13 to be published) and 19 reported species have been identified. These fully show that the plant resources of Phaeopsis species are relatively wide, and they are widely distributed in many species of plants in southern China. 18 new species are Neopestalotiopsis caryotaeae, N.cinnamomumaeae, N. coffeae-arabicaeae N.podocarpusis, N. podocarpus-macrophyllus, N. oaustralisa N. pseudosaprophyta, N. pseudziella pseudosporit Pestalotiopsis camellia-sinensis, P. Cyclobalanopsis, P. dracaeneaeae, P. keeriera, P. libosisus, P. prunuiformis, P. rhodomyrtus, P. shorea, P. shorea P. Pseudopestalotiopsis sithemiaeae, 19 species reported as Neestopalotiopsis ellipspora N. Foedansa N. formarumus. N. leucothoesus, N. Leucothoesus, N. protearum, N. samarangensis adustaandia adustaensis P. camellia P. chamaeropischus P. ColombiensisP.diploclisiaeus P. humusus P.kenyanaP.malayana P. malayana P.portugalicaP.rhododendritis coPs.theae. using the PAUP software Maximus Parsimonycosma, The phylogenetic tree of ITS, 尾 -tubulin and tef1 genes of the genus Pestalotiopsis was constructed. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by analyzing the classification degree and reliability (bootstrap support rate) of each gene tag, and combining with the PCR amplification rate, the phylogenetic tree of the genus Pestalotiopsis was constructed by analyzing the phylogenetic tree of ITS, 尾 -tubulin and tef1 gene sequences of the genus Pestalotiopsis, respectively. The three gene tags were evaluated respectively for their higher species differentiation ability and reliability, which were considered to be more suitable to be used as DNA barcode tags for the classification of Trichoderma fungi. There are new type specimens in this study. And the model strains were preserved in HGUPU, Guizhou University, and MFLUCCS, Empress Empress Empress University, Thailand.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S432.44

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王忠文,陳衛(wèi)平,韋剛,陳育新;中國擬盤多毛孢屬的新組合種(Ⅳ)[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)生物科學(xué);2002年03期

2 韋繼光;徐同;潘秀湖;廖旺姣;;擬盤多毛孢屬的分類學(xué)研究進展[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)生物科學(xué);2006年01期

3 韋剛，陳育新;中國擬盤多毛孢屬的新組合種（Ⅱ）[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1994年02期

4 陳育新,韋剛;中國擬盤多毛孢屬的新組合種(Ⅲ)[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1997年01期

5 王忠文;廖詠梅;陳衛(wèi)平;韋剛;陳育新;;中國擬盤多毛孢屬的新組合種(Ⅵ)[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)生物科學(xué);2006年02期

6 陳育新;韋剛;;中國擬盤多毛孢屬的新組合種(Ⅰ)[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1993年01期

7 趙光材，，李楠;擬盤多毛孢屬在云南的34個種[J];東北林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報;1995年04期

8 鄒立扣;潘欣;張翅;;1株擬盤多毛孢菌的培養(yǎng)·純化及其ITS區(qū)的克隆測序[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2008年20期

9 徐應(yīng)文;賀新生;蔡平鐘;;一株新的擬盤多毛孢菌液體培養(yǎng)特性研究[J];微生物學(xué)雜志;2008年03期

10 韋繼光,徐同,郭良棟,賴傳雅,潘秀湖,熊英;從分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)角度分析擬盤多毛孢屬及其近緣屬的界限[J];廣西農(nóng)業(yè)生物科學(xué);2005年03期

相關(guān)會議論文 前3條

1 葛起新;徐同;;中國擬盤多毛孢屬研究簡史[A];中國植病、菌物學(xué)會杭州聯(lián)合年會論文集[C];2008年

2 韋繼光;徐同;郭良棟;潘秀湖;;擬盤多毛孢屬及近緣屬的分子系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關(guān)系[A];2005中國植病學(xué)會、中國菌物學(xué)會北海聯(lián)合年會論文集[C];2005年

3 韋繼光;徐同;郭良棟;;從分子系統(tǒng)學(xué)的角度分析擬盤多毛孢屬及其近緣屬的界限[A];2005中國植病學(xué)會、中國菌物學(xué)會北海聯(lián)合年會論文集[C];2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 宋玉;擬盤多毛孢屬（Pestalotiopsis）真菌系統(tǒng)學(xué)研究及條形碼基因的評價[D];貴州大學(xué);2015年

本文編號：1518931