本文關(guān)鍵詞： 桃蛀螟 性信息素 體表烯烴 感受機(jī)制　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：桃蛀螟(Conegethes punctiferalis),屬鱗翅目草螟科(Lepidoptera:Crambidae)。其分布在東亞、南亞、澳大利亞等地區(qū),而在我國多個(gè)地區(qū)也有分布,以幼蟲鉆蛀為害多種作物。目前桃蛀螟的防治方法包括農(nóng)業(yè)防治、生物防治和化學(xué)防治等,其中化學(xué)防治是主要的防治方法,但該方法有諸多不足,如農(nóng)藥殘留,農(nóng)藥抗性以及傷害天敵等。近年來,基于昆蟲信息素具有綠色環(huán)保的特點(diǎn),其已廣泛用于害蟲的預(yù)測預(yù)報(bào)與防治實(shí)踐。桃蛀螟性信息素主要成分是反-10-十六碳烯醛和順-10-十六碳烯醛的混合物(以下簡稱烯醛),但研究表明以該合成品為誘芯的誘捕器對雄蛾的引誘效果偏低。近年來有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)桃蛀螟雌蛾體表的兩種烯烴：順-9-二十七烯(以下簡稱二十七烯)和順,順,順-3,6,9-二十三碳三烯(以下簡稱二十三碳三烯)與烯醛混合后,能夠顯著增強(qiáng)雄蛾在風(fēng)洞中的行為反應(yīng)(近距離滯空飛行和敲打信息素源),然而,雄蛾對這兩種信息素烯烴的感受機(jī)制并不明確,影響其性誘劑技術(shù)的完善。為了明確桃蛀螟雄蛾對信息素烯烴的感受機(jī)制,本研究開展了觸角電生理試驗(yàn)(EAG)、氣相色譜觸角電位儀連用(GC-EAD)檢測試驗(yàn)、風(fēng)洞行為試驗(yàn),并對雄蛾觸角進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序。以下為本研究獲得的主要實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果：1.在EAG試驗(yàn)中,用不同濃度的烯醛對雄蛾左右觸角進(jìn)行測試,結(jié)果表明左右觸角對結(jié)果影響并無顯著性差異,為在后續(xù)試驗(yàn)中隨機(jī)選擇觸角提供依據(jù)。在4種梯度濃度下(0.01；0.1；1.0和10頭當(dāng)量濃度),雄蛾觸角分別對兩種烯烴的EAG反應(yīng)相對值之問,以及與正己烷之間均無差異,且均顯著低于烯醛。將兩種烯烴與烯醛混合后,其EAG反應(yīng)相對值則與烯醛之間無顯著性差異。2. GC-EAD實(shí)驗(yàn)中,單獨(dú)測試時(shí),雄蛾觸角對二十三碳三烯和二十七烯均無觸角電生理信號。將烯醛烯烴混合后進(jìn)行測試時(shí),也只測到了對烯醛的EAD反應(yīng)。3.風(fēng)洞行為試驗(yàn)方面,設(shè)置鐵絲網(wǎng)阻隔,避免雄蛾直接接觸濾紙(性信息素源)后發(fā)現(xiàn),在行為指標(biāo)—滯空飛行時(shí)間上,烯醛烯烴混合物的效果與性信息素粗提物相當(dāng),并且顯著高于烯醛。進(jìn)一步的選擇性試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),在無阻隔的情況下,將烯醛與烯烴分別點(diǎn)滴在兩張濾紙上,并將濾紙分別懸掛在風(fēng)洞中不同的空間位置(風(fēng)洞軸向10 cm間隔和徑向2 cm間隔)時(shí),雄蛾僅對烯醛有反應(yīng),對烯烴沒有反應(yīng),而且對烯醛的反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度與烯醛單獨(dú)測試時(shí)相當(dāng)。4.最后通過轉(zhuǎn)錄組技術(shù)進(jìn)行了雄蛾觸角轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序,尋找與觸角嗅覺相關(guān)的氣味結(jié)合蛋白(OBP)、普通氣味結(jié)合蛋白(GOBP)、信息素結(jié)合蛋白(PBP),并與家蠶、棉鈴蟲的相關(guān)序列進(jìn)行進(jìn)化樹比對。通過轉(zhuǎn)錄組數(shù)據(jù)分析,桃蛀螟雄蛾觸角中鑒定出28個(gè)OBP基因,其中包括5個(gè)GOBP基因和5個(gè)PBP基因。綜合EAG和風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,桃蛀螟雄蛾能夠在近距離通過嗅覺感受雌蛾體表的信息素烯烴,但是相對于烯醛的嗅覺反應(yīng)而言,對烯烴的嗅覺反應(yīng)相對微弱,不易通過觸角電生理方法進(jìn)行檢測,其反應(yīng)值可能低于觸角電位儀的檢測限。同時(shí),從行為反應(yīng)來看,只有當(dāng)烯烴和烯醛同時(shí)從同一氣味點(diǎn)釋放時(shí),雄蛾才會(huì)表現(xiàn)出對烯烴的行為反應(yīng)。總的來說,桃蛀螟雄蛾對雌蛾體表信息素烯烴的嗅覺反應(yīng)仍需進(jìn)一步檢驗(yàn),并且嗅覺感受和行為反應(yīng)之間的關(guān)系也需做深入研究。
[Abstract]:Dichocrocis punctiferalis (Conegethes punctiferalis), Lepidoptera Crambidae (Lepidoptera:Crambidae). Its distribution in East Asia, South Asia, Australia and other regions, and can also be found in many areas in China, by the larvae of borers were various crops. The control methods of dichocrocispunctiferalis including agricultural control, biological control and chemical control so, the chemical control is the main control method, but this method has many disadvantages, such as pesticide residues, pesticide resistance and damage to natural enemies. In recent years, the characteristics of insect pheromone with the green environmental protection based on the forecast and prevention of the practice has been widely used in pest. The peach borer is the main component of sex pheromone the mixture of -10- sixteen and -10- sixteen carbon carbon olefine aldehyde aldehyde (hereinafter referred to as enals), but research shows that the synthetic product is low attractant effect trapping device of male moths. In recent years, studies have found that female Dichocrocis punctiferalis Two: CIS -9- olefin moth body twenty-seven ene (hereinafter referred to as the twenty-seven ene) He Shun, CIS, CIS -3,6,9- twenty-three carbon three ene (hereinafter referred to as the twenty-three carbon three ene) and acrolein after mixing, can significantly enhance the behavior in the wind tunnel (close male moth reaction inhover flight and beat the pheromone source). However, the feelings of the two kinds of mechanism of male moth pheromone olefin is not clear, perfect the effect of sex attractant technology. In order to clear the peach borer male moths to feel the prime olefins information mechanism, this study carried out electrophysiological test antenna (EAG), gas chromatography electroantennography (GC-EAD). The wind tunnel test, behavior test, and the moth of transcriptome sequencing. The following is the main results obtained in this study: 1. in the EAG test, to test the male moth antennae around with different concentrations of acrolein, results show that the impact on the results and tentacles around No significant difference, and provide a basis for the random selection of antennae in subsequent experiments. In the 4 concentration gradient (0.01; 0.1; 1 and 10 equivalent concentration), the antennae of male EAG response of two kinds of relative value of olefin and n-hexane and asked, there were no differences, and were significantly lower than that of acrolein. Two olefins mixed with acrolein, the relative value of EAG reaction has no significant difference between.2. and acrolein in the GC-EAD experiment, a separate test, there were no antennae of male EAG signals in twenty-three and twenty-seven. Three carbon ene ene aldehydes will olefins after mixing test also, only detected EAD.3. wind tunnel test reaction behavior of aldehydes, set up barbed wire barrier, avoid direct contact with the filter paper (male moth sex pheromone source) found in the behavior index - inhover flight time, the effect of aldehyde olefin mixture and the sex pheromone extracts information, and Was significantly higher than that of acrolein selectivity test further. It is found that, in the case of no barrier, the aldehydes and alkenes were dropping in two on the filter paper, and the filter paper were suspended to different location in the wind tunnel (tunnel axial 10 cM interval and 2 radial cM interval), male moths react only to ene no reaction of alkenes, aldehydes, and the reaction intensity and acrolein aldehyde to separate test quite.4. finally through the transcriptome of the male moth antennal transcriptome sequencing, find related antennal olfactory odorant binding protein (OBP), egg white (GOBP), general odorant binding pheromone binding protein (PBP), and silkworm, related sequences of cotton bollworm phylogenetic comparison. Through transcriptome analysis identified 28 OBP genes of dichocrocispunctiferalis male antennae, including 5 GOBP genes and 5 PBP genes. The comprehensive EAG and wind tunnel test results, the peach borer moth can Through close enough in the olfactory receptor surface of the female moth pheromone olefin, but compared to the olfactory response of aldehyde, olfactory response of olefins is relatively weak, not easily by electrophysiological methods for detection, the detection response value may be less than electroantennography limit. At the same time, from the behavioral perspective, only when olefin and acrolein released simultaneously from the same smell when male moths will exhibit behavioral responses to olefins. In general, the olfactory response of dichocrocispunctiferalis male moth to female moth pheromone on olefin still needs further testing, and the relationship between sensory and behavioral responses also need to do in-depth research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S433.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 趙新成,閻云花,王琛柱;雄性棉鈴蟲和煙青蟲對雌性信息素的觸角電生理反應(yīng)[J];動(dòng)物學(xué)報(bào);2003年06期

2 張尚卿;高占林;黨志紅;李耀發(fā);潘文亮;;觸角電位技術(shù)和氣相色譜-觸角電位聯(lián)用技術(shù)在昆蟲信息物質(zhì)鑒定和利用中的應(yīng)用[J];河北農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2010年08期

3 楊慧;嚴(yán)善春;彭璐;;鱗翅目昆蟲化學(xué)感受器及其感受機(jī)理新進(jìn)展[J];昆蟲學(xué)報(bào);2008年02期

4 嚴(yán)福順;鱗翅目昆蟲的味覺感受器及其電生理研究方法[J];昆蟲知識;1995年03期

5 孟憲佐;我國昆蟲信息素研究與應(yīng)用的進(jìn)展[J];昆蟲知識;2000年02期

6 尹姣,曹雅忠,羅禮智,胡毅;草地螟觸角化學(xué)感受器的電鏡觀察[J];昆蟲知識;2004年01期

7 黃翠虹;李靜靜;周琳;閆鳳鳴;;昆蟲觸角電位(EAG)及其與氣譜聯(lián)用(GC-EAD)技術(shù)[J];應(yīng)用昆蟲學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

8 楊帆;黃立華;張愛兵;;高通量轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序技術(shù)及其在鱗翅目昆蟲上的應(yīng)用[J];昆蟲學(xué)報(bào);2014年08期

9 王亞維;昆蟲性信息素在害蟲防治中的應(yīng)用[J];青海大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2002年05期

10 杜家緯;昆蟲對信息素的行為反應(yīng)和風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)[J];生物防治通報(bào);1985年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 張嵐;八種昆蟲轉(zhuǎn)錄組數(shù)據(jù)中OBP、CSP和RyR基因預(yù)測及序列分析[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

2 朱文藝;基于高通量測序技術(shù)的朱砂葉螨抗性相關(guān)基因分析[D];西南大學(xué);2013年

3 武可明;柑橘大實(shí)蠅性信息素的初步研究[D];西南大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號：1488648