本文關鍵詞： 滇池流域 大棚種植區(qū) 農業(yè)污水 外加碳源　出處：《重慶大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：針對滇池流域的水污染情況,通過一系列重點治理工程已經構建起了由片區(qū)截污、集鎮(zhèn)與村莊截污、河道截污、干渠截污等四個層次組成的滇池流域環(huán)湖截污治污體系,但是由于尚缺一些關鍵的配套系統(tǒng)技術支撐和控制平臺,該體系在如何充分發(fā)揮該體系的綜合控污效能方面目前還存在問題,需要進一步的完善,其中農村農業(yè)污水作為滇池污染負荷的重要組成部分,它的高效收集和穩(wěn)定處理運行關鍵技術研究將會對最大程度的聯合發(fā)揮截污體系的環(huán)境效能進而削減滇池污染負荷、改善滇池水質發(fā)揮重要作用。然而一方面前人關于農業(yè)污水的水質水量在匯集過程中的變化規(guī)律研究中采用的實測降雨數據場次較少,所得結論的準確性仍有待進一步提高以便確定污染負荷的攔截條件,另一方面關于農村農業(yè)污水的處理工藝的經驗較少,外加碳源的補充方式還有待優(yōu)化和深入研究以保證低碳氮比的農業(yè)污水能得到良好的處理,因此深入探究農業(yè)污水在降雨過程中流量和污染負荷的變化規(guī)律和研究外加碳源的最佳類型和最優(yōu)碳氮比對實現滇池環(huán)湖截污體系的最大效能具有重要意義。本論文針對滇池流域環(huán)湖截污體系中存在的上述兩個問題,研究示范區(qū)內農村農業(yè)徑流污水水質水量變化規(guī)律和不同碳源類型及碳氮比下的農業(yè)污水處理效果。研究得出的主要結論如下:①滇池東岸典型的蔬菜大棚和花卉大棚種植區(qū)域的農灌溝徑流峰值時間較降雨時間有一定的滯后,但滯后時間沒有明顯的規(guī)律性,受許多因素的影響,主要包括與流域物理性質(土壤性質、植被覆蓋)和降雨特征(降雨歷時、降雨強度)相關的一些因素。②蔬菜大棚與花卉大棚農田徑流中的COD、SS、氨氮和TP濃度值在總體上是花卉大棚高于蔬菜大棚,而TN濃度值相反。③蔬菜大棚與花卉大棚農田徑流中各項水質污染指標隨時間的變化無固定規(guī)律,主要是受到不同作物種植區(qū)土壤情況、施肥情況、農業(yè)生產作業(yè)情況不同等多重因素的綜合影響。④當甲醇C/N5.12,乙酸鈉C/N6.07,葡萄糖C/N8.09時,反應裝置的脫氮效果較好,達到國家《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標準》(GB18918-2002)中的一級A標準。⑤甲醇脫氮效果最好,乙酸鈉次之,葡萄糖最差。
[Abstract]:In view of the water pollution situation in Dianchi Lake basin, a series of key control projects have been constructed to intercept pollution from the areas, towns and villages, and river channels. There are four levels of pollution control system in Dianchi Lake basin, but some key supporting systems and control platform are lacking. There are still some problems in how to give full play to the comprehensive pollution control efficiency of the system, which needs further improvement, among which rural agricultural sewage is an important part of the pollution load of Dianchi Lake. The research on the key technology of high efficiency collection and stable treatment operation will maximize the environmental efficiency of the sewage interception system and then reduce the pollution load of Dianchi Lake. Improving the water quality of Dianchi Lake plays an important role. On the one hand, on the one hand, on the one hand, the number of measured rainfall data used in the study on the variation of water quality and quantity of agricultural sewage in the process of collection is less. The accuracy of the conclusions still needs to be further improved in order to determine the interception conditions of pollution load, on the other hand, there is less experience on the treatment process of rural agricultural sewage. Additional carbon sources need to be optimized and further studied to ensure that the low carbon to nitrogen ratio of agricultural sewage can be treated well. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the variation of discharge and pollution load of agricultural sewage during rainfall and to study the optimal carbon source type and the optimal carbon nitrogen ratio for realizing the maximum efficiency of sewage interception system around Lake Dianchi Lake. This paper aims at the two problems mentioned above in the system of sewage interception around the lake in Dianchi Lake Basin. The changes of water quality and quantity of rural agricultural runoff sewage and the treatment effect of agricultural wastewater under different carbon source types and C / N ratio were studied in the demonstration area. The main conclusions are as follows:. 1. The peak runoff time of agricultural irrigation ditch in the typical vegetable shed and flower shed area on the east coast of Dianchi Lake was lagged behind the rainfall time. However, the lag time has no obvious regularity and is affected by many factors, including physical properties (soil properties, vegetation coverage) and rainfall characteristics (duration of rainfall). Some factors related to rainfall intensity. 2. The CODSS, ammonia nitrogen and TP concentration of runoff in vegetable greenhouse and flower shed were higher than that in vegetable greenhouse on the whole. On the contrary, TN concentration is opposite. 3. The change of water quality pollution index in vegetable shed and flower shed with time has no fixed rule, it is mainly affected by soil condition and fertilization in different crop planting areas. When methanol C / N 5.12, sodium acetate C / N 6.07 and glucose C / N 8.09, the denitrification effect of the reactor was better. According to the first class A standard (GB 18918-2002), methanol denitrification is the best, sodium acetate is the second, and glucose is the worst.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X712

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