本文關(guān)鍵詞： 緩釋尿素 辣椒 氮素生理群 理化性質(zhì) 產(chǎn)量　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：【目的】通過(guò)田間試驗(yàn),研究了緩釋尿素對(duì)土壤微生物氮素生理群、理化性質(zhì)及辣椒產(chǎn)量的影響.【方法】以‘隴椒2號(hào)’為供試材料,采用普通尿素(釋放期0d)和緩釋尿素(釋放期90和180d)與施氮量(450kg/hm~2、400kg/hm~2、350kg/hm~2、300kg/hm~2)雙因素交互試驗(yàn).【結(jié)果】在同一施氮水平,釋放期為180d的緩釋尿素(D180)可顯著提高辣椒產(chǎn)量,其中處理A3B3(釋放期180d、施氮量350kg/hm~2)為最優(yōu)處理,產(chǎn)量最高,達(dá)14 540.1kg/hm~2,分別比普通尿素U和緩釋尿素D90處理增產(chǎn)146.6%和52.1%;施氮量超過(guò)400kg/hm~2,辣椒減產(chǎn)明顯;緩釋尿素D180可使辣椒土壤保持較高數(shù)量的好氣性自生固氮菌、嫌氣性自生固氮菌和硝化細(xì)菌,分別比普通尿素U增加了2.6倍、6.3倍和29.2倍;在辣椒幼苗期、旺盛生長(zhǎng)期和開(kāi)花坐果期,緩釋尿素和施氮量的交互作用對(duì)堿解氮、速效鉀含量和土壤EC值存在極顯著的影響.【結(jié)論】緩釋尿素和施氮量的交互作用對(duì)辣椒土壤微生物氮素生理群及理化性質(zhì)有顯著影響,其中釋放期180d、施氮量350kg/hm~2處理有利于提高辣椒產(chǎn)量及改善土壤微生物菌群.
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effects of slow-release urea on soil microbial nitrogen physiological group, physicochemical properties and pepper yield. [methods] 'Longjiao 2' was used as the experimental material. Normal urea (release period 0 d) and sustained release urea (release period 90 and 180 d) were used with N application rate of 450 kg / hmHmN 2 + 400 kg / hmm-1 2 + 350kg / hmm-2. [results] sustained release urea (D180) at the same nitrogen level and release period of 180 days could significantly increase the yield of capsicum. Among them, treatment A 3B 3 (release period 180 days, nitrogen application rate 350 kg 路hmm-2) was the best treatment, and the yield was the highest, reaching 14 540.1 kg 路hmm-2. The yield increased by 146.6% and 52.1, respectively, compared with common urea U and slow-release urea D90. When the amount of nitrogen applied was more than 400 kg / hm ~ (-2), the yield of capsicum decreased significantly. The sustained release urea D180 could keep a high number of good autogenous nitrogen-fixing bacteria in capsicum soil, and increase by 2.6 times compared with that of common urea U, while that of aerobic autogenous nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria were increased respectively. 6.3 times and 29.2 times; At the seedling stage, vigorous growth stage and flowering and fruit setting stage, the interaction of slow release urea and nitrogen application on the alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen. [conclusion] the interaction of slow-release urea and nitrogen application rate has a significant effect on soil microbial nitrogen physiological group and physical and chemical properties of capsicum. [conclusion] the interaction of slow-release urea and nitrogen application rate has a significant effect on soil microbial nitrogen physiological group and physical and chemical properties of capsicum. During the 180 days of release, the treatment of 350 kg 路hm ~ (-2) N fertilizer could improve the yield of capsicum and improve the microflora of soil.
【作者單位】： 甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)園藝學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31260311)
【分類號(hào)】：S154.3;S641.3
【正文快照】： 氮素是蔬菜必需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素之一,影響蔬菜的品質(zhì)和生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育[1].施氮可以增加土壤中可利用的氮含量,增強(qiáng)植物對(duì)氮的同化,從而加速植物生長(zhǎng)[2].然而普通肥料,釋放速度快,供應(yīng)期短,施用不當(dāng)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)肥害,不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致蔬菜產(chǎn)量下降、品質(zhì)變差,而且還會(huì)使土壤肥效降低,引起環(huán)境污染[3]

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