本文關(guān)鍵詞：明渠智能測流系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)與應(yīng)用　出處：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 明渠 測流 智能化 改進(jìn)

【摘要】：我國淡水資源匱乏,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,水資源的短缺嚴(yán)重制約了我國工農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展;我國又是一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)大國,農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉用水量大且時(shí)間集中,如何合理利用水資源,提高水資源的利用率,就顯得尤為重要。黃河流經(jīng)我省,是我省農(nóng)業(yè)灌溉的主要水源,但灌溉區(qū)普遍存在水資源浪費(fèi)、使用不合理等問題,因此,科學(xué)計(jì)量水流量,發(fā)展節(jié)水農(nóng)業(yè)對我國可持續(xù)發(fā)展意義重大。本課題以小開河閘測流系統(tǒng)為研究對象,針對測流過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的諸多問題,如機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)不穩(wěn)定、測流設(shè)備性能落后、通訊可靠性低、測流算法不準(zhǔn)確、以及上位機(jī)系統(tǒng)不完善等等,并本著實(shí)事求是、因地制宜、理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際等原則,提出了一套科學(xué)合理的明渠智能測流改進(jìn)方案,主要從系統(tǒng)硬件和軟件方面著手改進(jìn),提高了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和測流精確度。首先是針對測流系統(tǒng)硬件方面的升級改進(jìn)。對結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及組裝工藝上的改進(jìn),提高了系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性;流速儀的升級,更好的解決了脈沖信號的讀取問題,并且使系統(tǒng)在對數(shù)據(jù)的處理上更加迅速;新的通訊設(shè)備的使用,能夠更好的適應(yīng)惡劣環(huán)境,提高了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)目煽啃�、穩(wěn)定性和及時(shí)性;為了確保設(shè)備的安全,改進(jìn)方案中加裝極限保護(hù)設(shè)備;為了自動(dòng)測出不同水位條件下的水面寬度,讀取水邊線位置,引進(jìn)了超聲波水位計(jì)等設(shè)備。經(jīng)過諸多改進(jìn)措施,大大提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性和可維護(hù)性,使測流更加智能化。針對系統(tǒng)的軟件改進(jìn)方面,主要體現(xiàn)在對采集數(shù)據(jù)的處理上。合理科學(xué)的計(jì)算方法是精確測流和智能化測流的前提和保障,測流算法的改進(jìn)包括水面寬度的計(jì)算方法、截面積改進(jìn)算法、水深修正補(bǔ)償和流速算法四個(gè)方面;對應(yīng)硬件系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn),PLC的程序也相對應(yīng)的進(jìn)行改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì);在人機(jī)控制界面的改進(jìn)方面,添加了信號顯示燈,設(shè)計(jì)了全新的自動(dòng)計(jì)算表格,更好的保證操作人員對現(xiàn)場的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,保證了測流系統(tǒng)的整體高效運(yùn)行。本課題的研究是建立在長期對測流系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)控分析基礎(chǔ)上,并遵循國家的測流標(biāo)準(zhǔn),利用現(xiàn)有的成熟技術(shù),結(jié)合小開河閘的測流經(jīng)驗(yàn),開展的一項(xiàng)切實(shí)可行的智能測流項(xiàng)目。在測流新方法的探究方面,從靈活性、穩(wěn)定性和通用性出發(fā),預(yù)見性的提出了不同水文條件下的走航式剖面儀測流的方案。
[Abstract]:China is short of fresh water resources. With the development of economy, the shortage of water resources seriously restricts the development of industry and agriculture in China. China is also a large agricultural country, agricultural irrigation water consumption and concentration of time, how to use water resources reasonably, improve the utilization rate of water resources, it is particularly important. The Yellow River flows through our province. It is the main water source of agricultural irrigation in our province, but there are some problems such as waste of water resources and unreasonable use of water resources in irrigation areas. Therefore, water flow is measured scientifically. The development of water-saving agriculture is of great significance to the sustainable development of our country. This subject takes Xiaokaihe sluice flow measurement system as the research object, aiming at many problems found in the course of flow measurement, such as unstable mechanical structure and backward performance of current measuring equipment. The communication reliability is low, the current measurement algorithm is not accurate, and the upper computer system is not perfect and so on, and based on the principles of seeking truth from facts, taking measures according to local conditions, integrating theory with practice and so on. A set of scientific and reasonable improvement scheme of open channel intelligent flow measurement is put forward, which is mainly improved from the aspects of system hardware and software. The stability and accuracy of the system are improved. Firstly, the hardware of the system is upgraded, and the structural design and assembly process are improved to improve the strength and stability of the system. The upgrading of the current meter solves the problem of pulse signal reading better, and makes the system deal with the data more quickly; The use of new communication equipment can better adapt to the harsh environment, and improve the reliability, stability and timeliness of data transmission; In order to ensure the safety of the equipment, the limit protection equipment is added to the scheme. In order to automatically measure the water surface width under different water level conditions, read the position of the water side line, and introduce the ultrasonic water level meter and other equipment, the reliability and maintainability of the system are greatly improved through many improvement measures. The software improvement of the system is mainly reflected in the processing of the collected data. Reasonable and scientific calculation method is the premise and guarantee of accurate and intelligent flow measurement. The improvement of the current measurement algorithm includes the calculation method of the water surface width, the section area improvement algorithm, the water depth correction compensation and the velocity algorithm. The corresponding hardware system improved PLC program is also corresponding to the improvement design; In the aspect of the improvement of man-machine control interface, the signal display lamp is added, and a new automatic calculation table is designed to ensure the real-time monitoring of the operator on the spot. The research of this subject is based on the long-term monitoring and analysis of the current measurement system, in accordance with the national standards of current measurement, the use of existing mature technology. Based on the current measurement experience of Xiaokai River sluice, a feasible and intelligent current measurement project is developed. In the aspect of exploring new methods of current measurement, the flexibility, stability and generality are considered. In this paper, the method of flow measurement by means of cruise profiler under different hydrological conditions is put forward with foresight.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S277;S126

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